250 The Philippine Journal of Science 1915 
same subject have appeared from time to time, and these will 
be referred to in detail in this study, but confusion still reigns 
concerning some phases of the pathologic anatomy of bubonic 
plague. 
This study was undertaken primarily for the purpose of 
correlating the plague material on hand. Especial attention 
has been given to accuracy of observation of isolated facts, 
to the correlation of these facts with allied facts as exemplified 
in other acute infections, and with the principles that have 
been deduced therefrom to form the laws of general pathology. 
A perusal of the literature of the pathologic anatomy of bubonic 
plague and a study of our own cases seemed to make a study 
from this general standpoint especially desirable in this disease. 
The abundant material has naturally furnished some valuable 
data relative to the frequency of the occurrence of various 
lesions in the disease. In the course of the work it has been 
possible also to draw some definite conclusions concerning the 
association of some of the lesions in bubonic plague. 
An attempt has been made to simplify the classification of 
cases of plague by recognizing only the primary bubonic and 
primary pneumonic forms and placing all other previously rec- 
ognized types under these two forms. This is very simple, 
save in that ill-defined class of cases spoken of as “septiczeemic 
plague.” From a review of the literature on the subject and 
from a study of our own cases reasons have been deduced 
for calling these cases “bubonic plague with early septicemia,” 
in the belief that this phrase more accurately describes them. 
The further classification of plague cases that is suggested ap- 
pears to satisfy both anatomic and clinical requirements, and 
is based on the prominent lesions other than the bubo. 
A previous study of a series of primary pneumonic-plague 
cases excited interest in the relation between the incidence of 
cervical buboes, tonsillar and pharyngeal lesions, and pulmonary 
lesions. This relation has particularly engaged the attention 
in the present study of bubonic cases, and interesting facts have 
been elicited. In'brief, it has been found that there is no con- 
stant relation between the lesions of the tonsils, cervical lym- 
phatic glands, and the lungs. Specific pulmonary and tonsillar 
lesions may occur together or separately in cases with primary 
buboes in distant parts. On the other hand, primary tonsillar 
lesions or primary cervical buboes sometimes are and sometimes 
are not followed by specific pulmonary lesions. The classifica- 
tion of pulmonary lesions adopted follows very closely that 
suggested by the Austrian Commission. The term “primary 
