THE PHILIPPINE 
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 
B. TROPICAL MEDICINE 
VoL. X SEPTEMBER, 1915 No. 5 
I. THE ROLE PLAYED BY THE INSECTS OF THE DIPTEROUS 
FAMILY PHORID IN RELATION TO THE SPREAD OF ~ 
BACTERIAL INFECTIONS. II. EXPERIMENTS ON 
APHIOCHATA FERRUGINEA BRUNETTI 
WITH THE CHOLERA VIBRIO * 
By DaAvip N. ROBERG 
(from the Laboratory of Medical Entomology, College of Medicine and 
Surgery, University of the Philippines) 
It is interesting to note that so many years elapsed after the 
discovery of bacteriology before flies as agents in the transmis- 
sion of disease were given serious attention. As early as 1886 
Spillmann and Haushalter(1) isolated the tubercle bacillus, and 
Tizzoni and Cattani(2) isolated the cholera vibrio from flies 
caught in the vicinity where human cases occurred. Earlier 
still, in 1862, before the days of bacteriology, Budd(3) observed 
that flies were instrumental in the spread of malignant pustule. 
World-wide attention was first attracted to flies as agents in the 
transmission of disease when the extensive outbreak of typhoid 
fever occurred in the concentration camps of the American Army 
during the Spanish-American War, when Reed, Vaughan, and 
Shakespeare(4) reported the origin of the outbreak as due to 
flies. 
There is a long list of contributors on the subject of flies, most 
notable of whom are those who wrote first on the development 
and life history of flies [Lowne,(5) Griffith,(6) Newstead, (7) 
‘Graham-Smith, (8) and Howard (9) ]. 
Numerous contributions have been made on the carriage of 
infection in the alimentary tract of flies. Chief of these are 
*Thesis presented for the degree of D. T. M., University of the Phil- 
ippines, 1915. Received for publication June 24, 1915. 
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