310 The Philippine Journal of Science 1915 
the articles by Grassi,(10) Maddox,(11) Alessi,(i2) Celli, (13) 
Uffelmann,(14) Sawtchenke,(15) Yersin,(16) Firth and Hor- 
rocks,(17) Manning,(18) Hayward,(19) lLord,(20) Chante- 
messe, (21) and Buchanan. (22) — 
Instances are recorded in which flies have been caught in the 
neighborhood of human cases infected with virulent organisms, 
and the interior of the flies or their dejecta have shown the 
presence of pathogenic bacteria. In this manner wild flies have 
been found to harbor cholera vibrios by Tizzoni and Cattani, (2) 
Simmonds, (23) and Tsuzuki;(24) typhoid bacilli by Hamilton, (25) 
Faichnie,(26) Bertarelli,(27) and Cochrane;(28) tubercle bacilli 
by Spillmann and Haushalter,(1) Hofmann,(29) Lord,(20) Hay- 
ward,(19) Cobb,(80) and Buchanan;(22) anthrax by Cao;(31) 
and plague bacilli by Yersin(16) and Hunter. (32) 
Articles too numerous to mention here have been written on 
the transmission by flies of typhoid fever, tuberculosis, cholera, 
dysentery, infantile diarrhea, anthrax, smallpox, ophthalmia, 
oriental sores, yaws, and parasitic diseases. 
Of the numerous articles on the transmission of disease by 
flies the Diptera usually referred to are of the larger species. 
Heading the list is Musca domestica, then Calliphora vomitoria, 
Lucilia cesar, Sarcophaga carnaria, and others. 
In determining the species of most importance in relation to 
the spread of disease, Howard(33) examined a great number of 
flies in regard to their breeding places and found 36 species 
which bred in human feces. Of these, especially 6 were found 
in dining rooms and kitchens, and thus constitute particularly 
a menace in the spread of disease. These species were repre- 
sented by Musca domestica, Drosophila ampelophila, Homalomyia 
canicularis, H. brevis, Stomoxys calcitrans, Phora femorata, 
and Sarcephaga tibialis. 
In subsequent bulletins issued by Howard no other mention 
is made of Phoridsz as a menace in the carriage of bacteria and 
spread of infection. The Phoride, then, are only casually men- 
tioned in the literature, and no experimental work has been done 
on the family in relation to the carriage of disease. 
As so much of the work done on flies is of recent date, and 
as it is only within a few years that their life history, habits, 
and their relation to disease are becoming understood, not much 
attention has been given this important family of Diptera. 
It is the object of this paper to ascertain, by a series of experi- 
ments on Aphiochexta ferruginea Brunetti, whether the results 
obtained would indicate this fly to be instrumental in the carriage 
