X, B, 6 Calderon: Tropical Obstetrical Problems 375 
the bones to their normal position. Finally, massage and irri- 
gation are given and repeated every afternoon. 
AFTER LABOR 
As soon as the placenta is delivered, a binder is tied very 
tightly around the waist of the patient. The object is to prevent 
the entrance of air into the abdomen, in case the woman takes 
a deep breath, and also, to prevent the blood from going up 
into the head. 
If there is postpartum hemorrhage, the hair of the patient 
is tied very tightly on the top of the head in order to stop the 
bleeding. This remedy is, also, used as a prophylactic treatment 
for hemorrhage. 
Another remedy for hemorrhage is heat, produced by burning 
bamboo in the form of szlo, or a torch, under the house. There 
is still another remedy by filling the vagina with kayas, or cut- 
tings of bamboo. 
The day after labor the woman begins to suffer from a se- 
ries of maneuvers performed on her by the hilot, or midwife. 
There is what they call sara, which consists in compressing 
the bones of the pelvis, a process which I have already de- 
scribed. When the woman complains of pain, weakness, paraly- 
sis of the legs, or prolapse of the uterus after labor, it is 
because the sara has not been made or because it has not been 
well done. 
The massage of the abdomen, which the hilot performs with 
caution, continues every day for eight days. After each massage 
the tight binder is put back in place. 
In some places, as in the Ilocano and the Tagalog provinces, 
the people perform the saklap, or salap, which consists in giving 
the woman a steam bath to produce a profuse perspiration. 
Many women become anemic from this treatment, and if the 
condition of the woman after the treatment is bad, the hilot 
says that she has not been properly “cooked.” 
Bathing.—After ten days a bath is given. On the preceding 
afternoon leaves of certain plants, such as talbak, tanlad, la- 
gundi, suha, galamayamo, and sambong, are collected and boiled 
together in a kettle. The next morning a bath is given with 
this infusion, while the leaves are all taken from the kettle and 
placed upon the mat where the woman sits in a squatting 
position. 
The leaves are again boiled and then covered with banana 
leaves to prevent evaporation. This is used for the operation 
called pagkukulob as follows: After lunch and a little rest the 
