54 IT. Ivlvett-Carnac — On Cup-marhs in Kamdon. [Feb. 



rough horny tiihercles, is Pleurodeles, in which these bosses are sometimes 

 so liighly developed as to have given rise to the incorrect notion that the 

 ends of the ribs projected free through the skin. 



The following papers were read : — 

 1. — Hough Notes on some Ancient Bculpturings on Bochs in Kamdon, si7ni- 



lar to those foiond on Monoliths and Hocks in Europe. — By H. E-iyett- 



Carxac, C. S. 



(Abstract.) 



Mr. Eivett-Carnac describes the " cup-marks" observed by him on a 

 rock about 2^ miles south of Dwara-Hath, and 12 miles north of Eanikhefe 

 in Kaniaon, which resemble the cup-marks on the tumuli of Central India, 

 noticed by him in the Proceedings for February, 1870, and those described 

 by the late Sir James Simpson in his ' Archaic Sculj)turings'. Near the 

 rock is a Mahadeo Temple, known as the ' Chandeshwar Shrine'. 



The cup-marks themselves are of two types, first, holes scooped out 

 on the face of the rock, varying in size from 6 inches to 1^ in. in diameter ; 

 secondly, ' ringed cups', each cup being surrounded by an incised ring. The 

 latter marks, therefore, are but horizontal sections of the lingam placed on 

 the yoni, and are thus ultimately connected with Mahadeo worship. 



Though Sir J. Simpson summarily dismisses the theory of the cup- 

 marks having reference to lingam worship, Mr. Rivett-Carnac adduces strik- 

 ing proofs of the correctness of this view, which is moreover confirmed by 

 the sketches accompanying the paper. 



Mr. Rivett-Carnac hopes to trace the rocks with their markings " from 

 Madras through Central India and the Himalaya, and thus on through Cen- 

 tral Asia to the Crimea and South Eastern Europe, and from thence to our 

 own Islands. And if this is done, then there would seem to exist a suffi- 

 ciently distinct tracing of the routes adopted by the tribe, one section of 

 which went west, the other south, at a period of which there is but a faint 

 historical record save on rough stones and temples with their markings of a 

 tyi^e which are commom to both Europe and India." 



The paper concludes with interesting references to this subject from 

 Madras and home papers. 



It will be printed in No. I, Ft. I, for 1877. 



2. — 0)1 the Final Stage in the Development of the Organs of Flight in 

 the Homomorphic Insecta. By J. Wood-Mason. 



(Abstract). 



" La derniere mue developpe subitement les organes du vol dans toute leur eten- 

 due par une transformation vraiment merveilleuse et encore inexpliquee, car on ne 

 comprend pas comment des organes aussi volumineux peuvent etre renfermes dans les 

 petites gaines ou ils se forment pendant la periode denymphe." De Saussure, Mission 

 Scientijique au Mexique et dans V Amerique Centrale, Eecherches Zoologiques, VI^ Fartie, 

 le Sect., E'tudes sur les Orthopteres, 1872, i?. 224. 



