70 AMress. [Feb, 



supposition that, during the elevation of the Himalaya, there have 

 been times when the rocky bed of a river has been elevated more rapidly 

 than it could erode its channel, a deposit being formed above the 

 barrier ; and that this is the case in Kashmir, the greater extent of 

 the valley being partly due to its drainage escaping across the junc- 

 tion of the Pir Panjal and Hazara systems of disturbance, a region 

 which may well have been exposed to more repeated or extensive 

 upheavals than other parts of the Himalaya. 



Mr. R. Lydekker has added to the utility and completeness of the 



* Records of the Survey,' by his excellent resume of the ' Fossil Verte- 

 brata of India ; ' and his description of the ' Eocene Chelonia of the 

 Salt Range,' forms the new fasciculus of the * Palsoontologia Indica.^ 

 The issue of the concluding part of Dr. Waagen's great work on the 



* Productus Limestone Fossils ' of the Salt Range has only been tem- 

 porarily delayed. Professor Martin Duncan's " notes on the Echinoidea 

 of the cretaceous series in the Lower Narbada Valley," published by 

 the Survey, and arising out of the views put forward by Mr. P. N. 

 Bose in his memoir on the geology of the Lower Narbada Yalley, is, as 

 might be expected, a scholarly and courteous consideration of these 

 views ; and following this, it is eminently satisfactory to learn from Dr. 

 Noetling, the Palaeontologist of the Survey, that his examination of the 

 AmmonitidcB collected by Mr. Bose, entirely confirms Dr. Duncan's ori- 

 ginal conclusions regarding the exclusively Cenomanian age of these 

 Bag fossils. 



Meteorology. — There is not much to record in the science of mete- 

 orology in India during the past year, though steady progress is undoubt- 

 edly being made both in Europe and India. The recent visit of a 

 distinguished English meteorologist has, judging from his subsequent 

 writings, been the means of calling attention to what has been pointed 

 out by Indian workers for years, the marked differences between the 

 meteorology of Temperate (European) and Tropical (Indian) regions. 

 Rain, for example, occurs in India in many cases under conditions dif- 

 ferent from those obtaining in Europe. Several of the more important 

 features of cyclones are far more prominent in the Bay of Bengal thau 

 in the Atlantic, whilst others again are much less strongly marked. 

 Ascensional movement of the air occurs on a larger, grander scale, and 

 far more regularly than in Europe, exercising a powerful influence on 

 the character of the weather. In India, weather forecasting must, there- 

 fore, probably take a different course from that which it has done in 

 Europe and America, and indeed the forecasts of storms in the Bay 

 of Bengal are more satisfactory and more to be relied upon than of those 

 which visit the British shores from the Atlantic. 



