PALEOZOIC CORALS AND FORAMINIFERA. 75 



Cyathophyllum dianthoides (M^Coy). 



Hp. Char, Corallum very proliferous, forming wide conical groups; 

 individual cones rapidly expanding, averaging one-third (or less) 

 longer than wide, concentrically wrinkled and with obsolete 

 longitudinal striae externally ; terminal cup very deep with 

 either a sharp or truncated edge, and containing from 96 

 to 100 (as it approaches one inch in diameter) very thin, 

 crenulated radiating lamellae, alternately longer and shorter : 

 vertical section shows less than one-third the diameter on each 

 side occupied by minute vesicular tissue, the rows of cells ex- 

 tending obliquely upwards and outwards ; the broad middle 

 part is occupied by close, thick, transverse diaphragms. From 

 eight to sixteen young cones take their origin from the inner 

 part of the margin of favourably situated parent-cups, thus 

 forming compound masses 3 inches or more in diameter, adult 

 cones averaging IJ inch long. 



This is closely allied to the C. dianthus, Gold, [truncatus, Linn.), 

 and the compound examples of C turhinatum (Linn, and Gold.), 

 but is distinguished from the first by its wide, rapidly expanding 

 cones, and from both by the lamellae being distinctly of two al- 

 ternating sizes, much thinner and greatly more numerous. 



Common in the carboniferous limestone of Arnside, Kendal. 



[Col. University of Cambridge.) 



Cyathophyllum paracida (M^Coy). 



Sp. Char. Corallum of slender cones averaging half an inch wide 

 at mouth and 1^ inch long (generally somewhat smaller), 

 straight or variously bent, and sometimes irregularly coales- 

 cing so as to form loose irregular masses ; three or four young 

 cones take their origin from within the margin of the parent 

 cell, which they smother by their growth : internal structure, 

 centre occupied by broad slightly undulated transverse dia- 

 phragms, four-fifths the width of the tubes ; narrow outer area 

 occupied by thirty-two equal, narrow, radiating lamellae, va- 

 riously connected by small, curved, vesicular plates ; outer sur- 

 face faintly striated longitudinally. 



Allied to the C. ccespitosum and C. quadrigeminum of the older 

 rocks, but the branches are not so long and cylindrical as in the 

 first, nor so short or laterally united as in the latter ; the number 

 of the lamellae and character of the narrow lamelliferous zone, and 

 the very wide, distinct transverse diaphragms will serve to dis- 

 criminate even fragments of the species. 



Not uncommon in the carboniferous limestone of Derbyshire. 



[Col. University of Cambridge.) 



