of the Cumbrian Mountains. 53 



the pass before mentioned : for the beds being all inclined at a great angle, 

 and rising to the north-west, we have reason to look for the most northern 

 portions of their range at the points of highest elevation. This fact makes 

 the change of bearing above mentioned still more striking, and convinced 

 me, before I descended from the hill, that there was a great fault ranging 

 down the valley of Troutbeck. 



On this subject we are not left to mere inference, for the limestone beds 

 descend the hill on the north side of the village, range through a point about 

 150 yards above the junction of the two roads, and are traced to a small 

 coppice near the river side, called Intake Wood. Near that place they are 

 cutoff by a fault ranging down the river, which has caused a great movement 

 towards the south in the whole system of beds on the opposite side of the 

 valley. We are therefore compelled to descend about three quarters of a mile 

 before we can catch the broken ends of the beds we have left behind. 



After being concealed in the alluvion of the valley, the beds again break 

 out behind Line Foot, and, ascending rapidly towards the north, with the 

 inclination of the hill, pass for some way on the north side of the Kentmere 

 road. At the top of the hill they range on the south side of the road, in a 

 direction difficult to ascertain in such uneven ground, but approaching mag- 

 netic east. In descending the hill towards Kentmere Hall they appear to be 

 dislocated, and shattered by a complication of faults, and one great mass ranges 

 down the brow, in a direction about 45° east of magnetic south. This very 

 anomalous bearing is accounted for partly by the movements of dislocation, 

 and partly by the great angle of dip and inclination of the surface. Another 

 disjointed mass of limestone ranges nearly in the mean bearing behind the 

 Hall, but is cut off by a fault before it reaches the chapel. Lastly, the beds 

 in regular order, beyond the faulty ground, cross the rivulet (with their usual 

 dip and strike) about 400 yards above the bridge, through the fields of Head 

 Lane farm. 



From this place the beds rise into a ravine in the edge of Pike How, and 

 thence over the top of the hill, through a point about 200 yards south of the 

 mountain road to Long Sleddale, and so down the hill to a place called Till's 

 Hole. By taking, from Till's Hole, the bearing of the corresponding beds on 

 the other side of Long Sleddale, we find that the limestone strikes the oppo- 

 site hills at a point several degrees out of its previous bearing ; which fact pro- 

 bably indicates the passage of a fault also down this valley. Everything is 

 however obscured by alluvion near the banks of the river ; and if there be 

 any shift of position among the mineral masses in their strike across the valley, 

 it must be of comparatively small extent. 



