106 Dr. FiTTON on the Strata below the Chalk. 



Sandgate^ — the relative position of this tract being shown on the general map, 

 (Plate IX.). The View (Plate VIIL), for which I am indebted to the kind- 

 ness of my friend the Rev. J. D. Glennie of Sandgate, shows the actual appear- 

 ance of the coast from Eastware Bay to Hythe ; and the section (Plate X a. 

 No. 1.) illustrates the succession of the strata, on a part of the shore which 

 is not distinctly visible in the more direct view from the sea. 



(7.) The chalk cliffs in the vicinity of Dover have been described in detail 

 by the late Mr. Wilham Phillips* ; and the presence of the upper green-sand 

 which had escaped the notice of Mr. Phillips, has been pointed out by 

 Mr. De Basterotf. These, with Mr. Conybeare's more general description ;|:, 

 and Mr. William Smith's coloured map of Kent, are the only modern geolo- 

 gical illustrations of this part of England with which I am acquainted. But 

 there is a publication of much earlier date, — Packe's "Chart of East Kent," 

 with its explanatory memoir entitled ArKOrPA^&IA, printed in 1743, which, 

 though not strictly geological in its immediate object, points out very correctly 

 the connexion between the external features and the disposition of the strata 

 in the tract to which it relates, and contains such excellent views in physical 

 geography as to demand especial notice in this place §. 



(8.) As the chalk rises, in proceeding from Dover towards Folkstone, the 

 upper beds disappear; the cliffs represented in the view and section consist- 

 ing entirely of the lower members of that stratum. The rise of the marly chalk 

 above the sea level occurs about a mile and a half to the east of the escarp- 

 ment of Folkstone hill, and the place is well marked by the breaking out of 

 a very copious and perennial spring, called "Lydden Spout," which issues 

 from the top of these marly beds|| ; — a situation probably corresponding to 

 that of the springs which everywhere appear in the interior, along the foot of 

 the chalk range. Near the "Spout" the cliff is about 450 feet high; the 

 upper part consisting of very white chalk, with a bed of flint nodules, the 

 rest of chalk without flints, gradually assuming a greyer hue as it descends. 

 About the middle of the cliff a thick bed has acquired by exposure a rough 

 and darker surface, by the aid of which it can be traced towards the west ; 



* Geol. Trans., First Series, vol. v. p. 16. 



•)- Geol. Trans., Second Series, vol. ii. p. 334. 



+ Outlines of England and Wales, p. 119 — 184. 



§ A more full account of this valuable work, which had been previously mentioned by Mr. Co- 

 nybeare, will be found in a tract on the Progress of Geology in England, by the author of the 

 present paper : — London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine for 1 832, vol. i. p. 447, &c. 



II A new species of Tornatella, named by Mr. Sowerby elongata, was found in the chalk marl 

 at this place, by the Rev. G. E. Smith. See Plate XI. fig. 1. 



