Dr. FiTTON on the Strata below the Chalk. H7 



3. Prao-ments, frequently much larger than those above mentioned, of very 

 compact, dark brown, black, or grey flinty slate. Sometimes the appearance 

 of these fragments is internally that of hornstone, approaching to jasper. 



4. Fragments, often angular, or slightly rounded, of schistose granular 

 quartz, or sandstone, interspersed with very minute particles of mica; not 

 effervescent; its colours varying from smoke grey to greenish. 



5. Near Ashford, in the ferruginous sand at the top of the formation, frag- 

 ments are found of brown hematitic iron ore; but much less abundantly than 

 in the corresponding part of the section at Redcliff, nearSandown, in the Isle 

 of Wight, and at other places. 



6. Near the top of the sands, in the blocks of decomposed stone, upon the 

 shore, lumps are found, from the size of a walnut downwards, of a dark 

 brown substance, externally spongy, and of irregular surface, and within 

 having the fracture and appearance of the phosphate of lime described in 

 Section (13)*. In these brown masses are also some grains of quartz, and 

 small portions of shell. This occurrence of phosphate of lime, both in the 

 gault and at the upper part of the lower green-sand, is an additional proof 

 of the continuity of their deposition. 



(20.) The stone of the more uniform beds (" Kentish-rag,") has great 

 variety of characters, from those of a granular or sparry compound to com- 

 pact limestone, some specimens of which might be taken for that of older 

 formations. In many cases, the calcareous cement is so crystalline, that light 

 is reflected continuously from extensive surfaces, although the face of the 

 fracture is thickly set with smafl pebbles of quartz ; in other cases the stone 

 is a dense conglomerate, composed of quartz grains with a small proportion 

 only of the cement. All the varieties contain disseminated grains of the green 

 matter above described in section (10); which is frequently so abundant as 

 to give its colour to the stone. In many of the rolled fragments on the shore 

 near Folkstone, this constitutes more than half the compound, the remainder 

 being decomposed carbonate of lime, inclosing grains of quartz and flinty 

 slate. In the more advanced state of decomposition, the mass has the ap- 

 pearance of mortar ; and, in most cases, the stone effervesces copiously with 

 acids, the green particles remaining undissolved. 



The chert of this upper stratum is frequently of a dark grey colour, and 



* The specimens here referred to were sent me from the shore immediately on the west of Folk- 

 stone, by my friend the Rev. J. D. Glennie ; but there can be no doubt of their having fallen from 

 the adjacent cliffs. Among the darker masses mentioned in the text were portions of the claws of 

 an Astacus. On the shore hereabouts plicated Terebratulae were found in nodules of arsenical 

 pyrites. 



