Dr. FiTTON on the Strata below the Chalk. 257 



Feet. 



S. c. " Chert ". At the lower part rubbly ; and there the water rose 30 



This stratum is visible in immediate contact with the sand (4.), above the Temple, 

 on the brow overhanging the lake. 



4. Sand; constituting the whole of the elevated platform on which Stourhead House 

 is placed, and extending westward about two miles, to Alfred's Tower. It is a loose 

 sand, with huge concretional masses of stone of similar composition. \_Quce. the 

 " cowstones " of the Devonshire coast .''] Fossils are abundant in the upper beds : the 

 lower are more ferruginous. 



5. Clay\ probably that of Kimmeridge?. — (or Gault ?) 



From a comparison of this list, with the sections in the Vale of Wardour, of which the beds 

 here represented are a prolongation, I should have been disposed, but for the opinion of my 

 correspondent, to regard the series as coinciding with that of Ticklepath Hill (PI. X. a., No. 13., 

 line G H), and East Knoyle : the Lower green-sand being indistinct or wanting; — which is pro- 

 bable from the absence of gault between the " chert" (3.), and the sand below it. In this case, 

 the gault would be inferior to the sand (4.), and perhaps a portion of the "clay" (5.). If 

 the clay be exclusively that of Kimmeridge, the gault must be looked for above ; and a part 

 of (4.) might then represent the Lower green-sand, which, we shall find, occurs distinctly in the 

 vicinity of Devizes, about twenty miles from this place. 



(137.) Vale of Warminster. — The relations of the strata here are shown 

 in the section^ PI. X. a., No. 14.^ on a line nearly from north to south. The 

 denudation in this valley having cut less deeply than in the Vale of War- 

 dour^ the Gault is the lowest bed brought into view; and this only in the 

 deeper parts of the streamlets. Excellent sections of the Upper green-sand 

 are visible around the town of Warminster ; the beds which contain chert 

 being, in all cases^ near the top, and the lower part almost pure gray or 

 greenish sand. 



The Gault, at Crockerton, is a somewhat micaceous bluish clay, affording many of the cha- 

 racteristic fossils ; and along with these Miss Benett has obtained masses of a gum or resin, 

 supposed to resemble that found in the London-clay at Highgate, which has obtained the name of 

 Fossil Copal*. I refer to the subjoined list, for the fossils which I myself obtained here ; and 

 to Miss Benett's Catalogue already quoted, and that annexed to Mr. Lonsdale's paper hereafter 

 mentioned f, for a much more complete enumeration. 



(138.) List of Fossils of the Vales of Wardour and Warminster, in 



South Wiltshire. 



[Upper Green-sand.'\ 



Ammonites monile. Vale of Wardour, at the contact of the Upper green-sand and 

 the gault; in conglomerate of green-sand. 



A varians. Ridge; in a compact fine-grained rock, approaching to what is 



called " raarlstone " at Dean's Farm, west of Farnham in Surrey (page 150, line 

 10, &c.). East Knoyle, between Upton and Chapel Farm, in the lowest chalk. 



* Aikin's Manual of Mineralogy, 2nd edition, p. 44. ; W. Phillips's Mineralogy, 3rd edition, 

 t Geol. Trans,, Second Series, vol. iii. p. 276. 



2 l2 



