290 Dr. FiTTON on the Strata below the Chalk. 



Ft. In, 



3. White, and brown, sand and clay 9 



4. Alternate beds of white, reddish, and yellowish sand, and thin courses of grey clay 4 ft. to 6 



5. a. Dark brown clay, called here " Black Dirt " about 41^ 



b. Alternate beds of tough grey clay and sand 1 OJ 



6. Greenish sand, said to be 6 feet thick , 6 



Total about 17 



The beds next below are obscure, from subsidence : the order was stated to be as follows : — 



7. " Black-dirt" ; tough dark clay 3 



8. " Grey dirt"; grey sandy clay, with fragments of shells about 6? 



9. " Hard stone", consisting of siliciferous grit or sandstone ; containing Paludina elongata'i t 



and Cyclas?. Has been found in masses 5 feet thick 15^ feet long : used for paving >S 



roads {Quce. the grit of the Hastings sand ?) , . J 



26 3 



The following, still lower than the beds above detailed, are seen in another part of 

 the hill, under red sand and hard ferruginous conglomerate, (carstone.) 



[^Purbcck. ] 



10. "Heath"; white sand and clay; full of decomposed shells in layers; — Mytilus ; 1 „ 

 striated Modiola ; and Cypris j 



11. " Pendle". Fissile oolitic stone, containing Cypris, Cyclas parva, Mytilus, and Mo-1 



diola ; — as at Dallard's, in the Vale of Wardour, pp. 249, 250 J 



I did not see any remains of trees, or of Cycadese, in these quarries, nor hear of 

 any from the quarrymen. But among the specimens which I obtained in the village 

 of Quainton, said to have come from the hill, was that represented in PI. XXII. 

 fig. 11, which possibly may have been part of a Cycadeous plant?. The specimen 

 however, differs both from the trees and Cycadeae of the Dorsetshire coast, in being 

 calcareous, effervescing copiously with acids. 



6 



The following beds were seen best in the eastern pits, near the Ordnance Station, — 

 [^Portland.'l 



12. "Builders" limestone, fit for building, containing Pecten lamellosus and small! „ 



Modiolae 2ft.6 in. to J "^ 



Among the Portland fossils from the quarries of Quainton Hill which I saw in the 

 village was an Ammonite 18 inches in diameter, with a Belemnite imbedded in it. 



13. " Ziwesione", full of petrifactions ; Trigonia extensa, T. gihhosa, T.incurva; Pecten\ „ . 



lamellosus, with Gastrochaenae ; Pleurotomaria 5 ft. 6 in. to J 



14. Sand about 6 



15. " Middle Rock", and Rubble ; stone abounding in fossils 5 



16. Sand 2 



17. Greenish concretional stone, rugged and sandy 1 ft. 6 in. to 2 



18. "Bottom rock", greenish gritty limestone, with stems ofSiphoniae. The pits are never 

 dug lower. 



The Portland stone as it approaches the outcrop in this part of the country, becomes much 

 more sandy at the lower part, and seems to pass into the sand beneath. The quarries on the 

 north-west of Whitchurch, towards North Marston, include, between two beds of stone, a stratum 

 of uniform grey sand, eight feet thick ; which preserves its thickness, and is well known to 

 the quarrymen in other parts of the adjacent country. The stone is worked (and perhaps exists) 

 only in a few places on the north and east of Whitchurch ; but from its extensive occurrence at 



