406 Prof. Sedgwick on the New Red Sandstone Series in the 



atnined the district in 1823,) more to resemble the ferruginous coal grits, or the lower red sand- 

 stone ; and I think it probable (after what has been stated above respecting Broadfield, supra, 

 pp. 391, 392,) that a spur of the older rocks, between the Petteril and the Caldew, encroaches con- 

 siderably on the line I am describing. I tlirow this out as a mere conjecture, confirmed, however, 

 by the fact, that inclined beds of a hard red gritstone are also found along the Petteril, at least as 

 far north as the Broadfield limestone. 



Passing, then, this doubtful tract, we find characteristic beds of new red sandstone between 

 Macey Bank and Ivegill ; and thence, south of Highhead Castle to the banks of Raw Beck, and 

 down both sides of that rivulet for more than a mile. Here, again, the demarcation is not only 

 obscure in many places from the want of good sections ; but difficult also from the appearance of 

 lower grits, of a red colour ("lower red sandstone"?), which break out in both the above-mentioned 

 rivulets. 



No rock is visible for some way west of Raw Beck ; but an imaginary boundary may be drawn 

 to the Caldew, a little south of Rose Bridge, and thence to Green Quarry, a little south of the Chalk 

 limestone above described {supra, p. 392). From that quarry the line sweeps round nearly by 

 Howrigg, Height, Brackenthwaite, Cragg Houses, and Tracing Tree (almost inclosing a remark- 

 able dislocated coal field of Rosley, now nearly deserted). From Tracing Tree it passes through 

 a wood, a little above the confluence of Silver Gill with the rivulet, and thence under Church Hill, 

 and on the north side of Islekirk to Parson Bridge ; from whence it may be traced near Cross Hill, 

 a little above Bridge Mill, and close to Low Blaithwaite ; from which place the line sweeps to the 

 south-west a quarter of a mile south of Elfield, and more than half a mile above Crook Dyke Mill ; 

 and so after crossing the river in a direction about south-south-west, it turns west, ranging a little 

 north of the Leesrigg road, through the hill above King Gate, along the south side of Bray ton Hall 

 Park, under the village of Aspatria, under Hayton, a little south of the road fi"om Hayton to Al- 

 lerby, just under Crosby ; thence deflecting to the north-west, it passes north of Birkby, and down 

 by the right bank of the Ellen to the sea at Maryport- 



We may pass over the coast from Maryport to St. Bees Head, as it is either occupied by the 

 coal measures, or by the " lower red sandstone," in places already described. Across St. Bees 

 Head the range is defined by quarries, ending (as above stated) at Ben How*. On crossing the 

 valley, it reappears in Walton Wood, just above Linethwaite, and thence passes just under Bank 

 End, and at the base of an escarpment, from which it descends between Gill Foot and How Bank ; 

 and, inclosing Orgill, it disappears in the alluvial plain of Egremont. 



Beyond this plain the line appears to range nearly east and west from New House to Grange ; 

 and from a quarry near the latter place it strikes about south-south-east into the valley of Kirk 

 Beck. It crosses above the mill, and then ranges above Head of Hail and Hall Garth to the 

 north end of Cold Fell near Side ; from whence it descends into the valley of the Calder, in a di- 

 rection about south-south-east. It crosses below Thornholm, and then ranges east-south-east on 

 the way to Farmary, and is exposed in quarries at the hill-top. It then strikes across the Gill, and 

 is laid bare about a quarter of a mile above Hurrel Barrow ; thence it ranges through Blaing Fell, 

 leaving Lockray and Whinray to the east, just touching Bank House, and forming the whole 

 escarpment of the hill above Gosforth. 



W« have no regular escarpment of the formation on the Cumberland coast south of Gosforth ; 

 but the rock is seen at the following places : Drig Cross, west of Gosforth ; Brandreth Scar and 



* The range of " the lower red sandstone" over the coal field, as well as certain outliers of the 

 new red sandstone, will be given in a subsequent paper. 



