432 Lieut.-Colonel Sykes on a portion of Dukhun. 



country ; trap veins in granite ; the absence, as far as is known, of that uni- 

 form series of rocks which constitutes the formations of Europe ; the extended 

 and pecuUar nodular limestone and laterite formations; the occurrence of 

 pulverulent limestone in seams ; and finally, the non-discovery hitherto of the 

 fossil remains of extinct animals within the limits of the Peninsula, 



London, 

 January ^\st, 1833. 



« 



A few words are necessary in explanation of the sections which accompany 

 this paper. They represent two principal spurs from the Ghats, and con- 

 verge to the same point at the junction of the Goreh and Beema rivers. In 

 strictness they are not sections ; — ramifications of the spurs, and hills at short 

 distances north and south of the central vertical plane being inserted : they par- 

 take, therefore, of a shghtly perspective character, but this does not affect the 

 general correctness of their geological features. Fig. 1. comprises the range 

 of hills between the Under and Beema rivers, and has a length of about 

 seventy-five miles. Fig. 2. shows the mountains between the Bore Ghat and 

 the source of the Mota river, and extends nearly eighty miles. The length 

 and elevation are expressed by different scales, and from this cause the out- 

 lines of the mountains are not rigidly correct. A bare outline is traced from 

 the Ghats westward to the sea, for the purpose of showing the curious forms 

 of the weathered basaltic caps and ridges of the mountains in the Konkun. 



The elevations were determined either barometrically, or thermometrically. 

 Those marked "B." are barometrical, and result from simultaneous observations 

 with previously-compared barometers ; all the necessary corrections having 

 been applied, for temperature, moisture, and latitude. Those marked "W." 

 were obtained by ascertaining the boiling-point of water at different eleva- 

 tions with delicate thermometers : they are not to be relied upon within 100 

 feet, although in some instances, when tested by barometrical measurements, 

 they corresponded within a few feet. 



Of the Panoramic Sketches, Plate XXVII. No. 1. is a distant view of the mountains, on 

 which are situated the celebrated hill forts of Jewdun, Hurreechundurghur, Koonjurghur, and 

 Sewneir, in which Sewajee, the founder of the Mahratta empire, was born. It is taken from the 

 hill N. of the town of Goreh. 



No. 2. is a view of the hills, to the North and East, as seen from Lakungaon in the flat broad 

 valley of Jooneir (Sewneir). 



No, 2*. is a continuation of the view No. 2., from the N. round to the West. 



No. 3., a sketch of the hills, to the North and East, as seen from the summit of the armoury, 

 in the fort of Ahmednuggur. 



No. 4. is a sketch of the northern flank of the plateau, or which the city of Ahmednuggur stands ; 

 as seen from Wamooree, in the plain of the Godavery river. 



