Mr. Horner on the Geology of the Environs of Bonn. 453 



part of the entire length*. Nothing of the substance of the fish remains, but there is occa- 

 sionally a dark coaly matter marking the contour of the body : there is even no appearance of 

 the fragments of scales, nor of fins, ribs, vertebrae, or bones of the head, but the forms of all are 

 impressed on the Papierkohle with remarkable exactness, and they are for the most part quite 

 entire. He considers them to belong to the genus Cyprinus, but to be dissimilar from any known 

 species, and he has named it Cyprinus papyraceus. These impressions have been examined 

 since that time by M. Agassizf, and are mentioned in one of the memoirs he published, pre- 

 paratory to his more extensive work on fossil fishes. He confirms the opinion of Professor 

 Bronn, naming the species, however Leuciscus papyraceus, in conformity with a new division of 

 the genus CyprinusJ. Professor Bronn describes also a small crab, and Professor Goldfuss, in a 

 recent memoir§ , says that besides this specimen of the remains of Crustacea, there are three 

 remarkable animals belonging to the Branchiopoda, the largest of which is more than an inch in 

 diameter. 



c. Remains of Insects. 



These and the remains of some reptiles have been described by Professor Goldfuss in the 

 memoir above quoted. Insects have been found in the papierkohle of Stosschen at the foot of 

 the Mendenberg, at Orsberg near Linz, and at Friesdorf near Bonn. Sometimes nothingr eraains 

 but the impression of the form of their bodies ; at other times the bodies form a thin, compressed, 

 coaly scale, shining, and sometimes having a metallic lustre. They seem to belong to the genera 

 Lucanus, Meloe, Dytiscus, Buprestis, Cantharis, Cerambyx, Parandra, Belostoma, Cercopis, Lo- 

 custa. Anthrax, and Tabanus. 



d. Remains of Reptiles. 

 Professor Goldfuss describes a species of Frog, Salamander, Triton, and Ophis. These were 

 found at Orsberg in the papierkohle. In this case, as in that of the fishes, the organized matter 

 has almost wholly disappeared : very perfect impressions, however, remain, not only of the 

 skeleton, but a dark shade in the coal marks the entire form of the animal, as in those ana- 

 tomical plates where the skeleton is contained in a shaded form of the entire body. After a very 

 careful examination, which he minutely describes, Professor Goldfuss satisfied himself that these 

 remains belong to an extinct species of frog, which he has called Rana Diluviana. The sala- 

 mander, which is about two inches long, also exhibits a structure somewhat distinct from existing 

 species, and he has named it S. Ogygia. So with regard to the impression of a triton, about two 

 inches long, and which he has named T. Noachicus. The remaining reptile he describes as being 

 of a singular nature, the specimen exhibiting the appearance of two portions of a coiled snake. 



* Lord Cole informs me that he and Sir Philip Egerlon obtained specimens from this place, 

 of impressions of a fish of much larger dimensions, and I have seen that which is in the pos- 

 session of Sir Philip Egerton. It is an impression of the skeleton of the tail end, and is pro- 

 bably not more than a half of the fish : it measures seven inches in length, and rather more than 

 two inches in the broadest part. 



f Untersuchungen iiber die fossilen Siisswasser Fische der tertidren Formationen, in Leonhard 

 and Bronn's Jahrbuchfur Mineralogie, 1832. 



X See Appendix VII. p. 474. 



§ Beitrdge zur Kenntniss verschiedener Reptilien der Vorwelt in the Transactions of the Kaiser- 

 liche Leopoldinisch-Carolinische Akademie der Naturforscher, vol. xv. 



3n 2 



