INDEX. 



487 



Carboniferous formations of the North of En- Carboniferous chain between Penigent and Kir- 



gland, deposited during a long period of com- 

 parative repose, 56. 

 . succeeded by one distin- 



guished by remarkable convulsions, bl. 



effects of, 57. 



first elevation of, suc- 



ceeded by the deposition of lowest members of 

 new red sandstone, 58. 

 ■ movements which gave 



the chief impress to the, anterior to principal 



dislocations of the south-western coalfields, 58, 



59, note. 

 Carboniferous chain between Penigent and Kirby 



Stephen, Prof. Sedgwick on the, 69. 

 I forms a mineralogical link 



between High Peak of Derbyshire and region 



of Cross Fell, 69, 98. 

 ~- general section of the forma- 



tions composing the, 70, 83. 

 contains six bands of lime- 



stone, 70, 73, 75, 76, 78, 1^. 



into three groups, 99. 



divisible 



■ , lowest, 



almost identical with mountain limestone of 



Derbyshire and Bristol, 99. 

 ■ — , middle, 



conforms to portion of Cross Fell carboniferous 



system, 99. 

 , third, or 



millstone grit, common to carboniferous system 



of England, 99. 

 , conclusions drawn from 



structure of, 99. 



by Stephen, beds of, slowly deposited in a sea 

 of considerable depth, 100. 

 contains no freshwater 



shells, 100. 



, fossils of distinct species, 



not confined to particular beds, 100. 



sudden change 



between Penigent and Kirby 



Stephen, causes disturbing the formation of 

 the limestone beds, were in full action in the 

 valley of Tweed, during the whole carboni- 

 ferous period, ^^. 



in York- 

 shire had produced considerable effect before 

 complete development of the formation, 99. 



in Der- 

 byshire, and the south-western coalfields pro- 

 duced but small modification, 99. 



in, accompanied by change in mineral cha- 

 racter, 100. 

 , Trilobites, Ammonites, 



and Orthocera not found above the scar lime- 

 stone, 100, note. 

 , bottom beds of the calca- 



reous groups impure, 101. 



fossils, which are small, 101. 



contain few 



do not 



ge- 



nerally alternate extensively with shale and 

 sandstone, 101. 

 , top beds of calcareous 



groups ; fossils numerous and large, alter- 

 nate universally with shale and sandstone, 

 101. 

 , inferences respect- 

 ing, 101. 



, grit and sandstone groups 



of mechanical origin, and less continuous than 

 the limestone, 101. 



, valleys in the carbonifer- 



ous chain are valleys of denudation, 101. 

 group, opinion of the Germans, 



that it forms only a part of a great system, in- 

 cluding the new and old red sandstones, advo- 

 cated, 401. 

 series, detached masses of, within 



the area of the new red sandstone in Cumber- 

 land, 391—393. 

 , causes which may account 



for the appearance of detached portions of, 

 within area of new red sandstone, 391. 

 • strata in Cumberland not always 



distinguishable from the new red sandstone by 

 colour, 387, and no<e. 

 Carrock Fell syenite, boulders of, on shores of 

 Solway Firth, 388. 



