4 Mr. W. J. Hamilton and Mr. H. E. Strickland, on the Geology of 



N.E. of Thyatira, and form the chain of Demirji, which constitutes the watershed 

 between the Hermus on the south and the Macestus and Rhyndacus on the north, 

 and terminates in Morad Dagh, near Kutahiyah. 



3. The chain of Tmolus commences with Mount Tartali near Smyrna, and forms 

 a narrow and lofty ridge, which, after diAdding the valleys of the Hermus and Cay- 

 ster, passes to the southward of Koola and terminates to the S.E. of Takmak, 



4. The range of Messogis (lat. 38°), which commences at Ephesus, and divides 

 the fertile plains of the Cayster and the Mseander. At its northern end it unites 

 with the range of Tmolus, and thus completely separates the Caystrian Plain from 

 the surrounding country. It then extends eastward to the south of the Mseander, 

 until it joins the southern end of the cha;in of Bourgas Dagh, and forms the south- 

 ern boundary of the great plain of Hushak and Gobek. 



5. The range to the south of the Mseander, which, commencing with Mount 

 Latmus (lat. 37° 35'), extends past the lofty height of Cadmus to the eastward, where 

 it merges into the Taurus chain, and continues with a general easterly bearing to 

 the Euphrates. The drainage of the northern flank of this extensive range is 

 effected, in the western portion, by the Mseander. Further eastward is the ancient 

 district of Isauria, the drainage of which is collected into lakes and marshes 

 with no apparent outlet. The waters on the south side of the Taurus range, flow 

 by short courses into the Mediterranean. 



6. The islands of Crete and Cyprus, though south of the district we are here 

 describing, may be regarded as the crests of a submarine chain of mountains be- 

 longing to the same system of elevation, as the five parallel ranges above de- 

 scribed. 



The only important exception to the east and west direction, which prevails in 

 the cases above enumerated, is found in the range which extends from Morad Dagh 

 (lat. 38° 52', long. 30° 9') towards the S.E., where it assumes the name of Sultan 

 Dagh, and forms the watershed between the sources of the Mseander and the great 

 central plain of Asia Minor. This range connects the eastern end of the Demirji 

 chain in an oblique direction to the middle of the Taurus range. 



Classification of the Rocks of Western Asia Minor. 



The rocks of this district, as far as we are acquainted with them, admit of being 

 classed into the following geological groups, in ascending order : 



A, — Sedimentary Rocks. 



1. Micaceous schist and marble*. 



2. Cretaceous System (Hippurite limestone, &c.). 



* The Silurian rocks of the Bosphorus, described in Mr. Strickland's paper (vol. v. p. 385), pro- 



