the Western Part of Asia Minor. 9 



upon a lofty rock of red trachyte ; and although the exact line of contact could 

 not be traced, the marble was observed to be much shattered near the junction 

 with the trachyte. The anchorage is formed by two large wooded islands, about 

 1^ mile from the shore. The largest is called Karabagh, and consists of the same 

 blue crystalline limestone ; but apparently very thickly bedded, for no trace of 

 stratification could be perceived. 



(fe.) Boodroom (lat. 37°, long. 27° 25').— The high hills which rise behind the 

 town of Boodroom (anc. Halicarnassus) consist of blue, compact, semi-crystalline 

 marble belonging to this formation. In some places it is interstratified with thin 

 bands of siliceous hmestone, or cherty beds, which being less easily acted upon by 

 the atmosphere, stand out more prominently than the rest. As far as our imper- 

 fect knowledge of the physical geography of Caria will enable us to judge, these 

 hills belong to a S.W. branch of the fifth great mountain-chain before mentioned 

 (p. 4), diverging off from the lofty range of Mount Cadmus. 



(Z.) Cnidus (lat. 36'' 40', long. 27° 22').— The promontory of Cnidus, forming the 

 extremity of the Doric Gulf to the south, Boodroom constituting that to the north, 

 consists of thin-bedded limestone-shale, overlaid by thick-bedded blue marble ; 

 the dip being to the S. and S.W. from 45° to 60°. This formation was observed 

 several miles up the promontory, and is composed of the following beds in a de- 

 scending order : 



The summit of the peninsula towards the west, consists of thin-bedded calcareous shale and a concre- 

 tionary rock dipping to the S.W. ; and of thick -bedded grey marble containing caves and fissures, many 

 of which are covered or filled with stalactitic calcareous deposits, resembling in colour some varieties of 

 oriental alabaster. 



To the eastward of the hollow in which stood the ancient city, the marble reappears, dipping in the 

 same direction, and is interstratified with a hard greenish sandstone grit. 



The hills rise rapidly towards the E.N.E., attaining, at the distance of about two miles, a height of 

 above 2000 feet. This summit is formed by a very narrow ridge of rocks, a quarter of a mile in length 

 from N.W. to S.E., consisting of thinly laminated calcareous shales, dipping S.W. at an angle of 45°, and 

 presenting an almost precipitous escarpment towards the N.E. 



(m.) Rhodes. — The blue crystalline marble occurs frequently on the east coast of 

 the island of Rhodes, near the town of Lindo, dipping 25° N.W. It forms high 

 hills, against which the tertiary shelly limestone reposes, as shown in Section, p. 14. 

 The Acropolis of Lindo is built upon strata of it, also dipping to the N.W. It oc- 

 curs likewise further north, between Rhodes and Archangelo, where, besides the 

 high range of hills about two miles from the sea, another low ridge of rocky points 

 of the same formation rises up in the middle of the plain nearer the sea, forming a 

 low ridge parallel to the coast. In one place, between Lindo and Archangelo, this 

 rock was observed to become harder and schistose, and to pass into a hard black 



VOL. VI. SECOND SERIES. C 



