10 Mr. W. J. Hamilton and Mr. H. E. Strickland, on the Geology of 



crystalline limestone, with a slightly concretionary structure like the Silurian lime- 

 stone of the Bosphorus ; it likewise dips to the N.W., but at a much greater 

 angle. 



^ 2. Cretaceous System. (PI. III., Sec. 1. 4 and 6.) 



The fossils found in this group of rocks, prove it to be the equivalent of the 

 " Apennine Limestone " of Italy, Dalmatia, the Ionian Islands and Greece^. The 

 following are the localities at which we have evidence of its occurrence : 



(a.) The Northern Flank of the Olympus Chain. — The south shore of the Lake of 

 Apollonia (lat. 40° 2', long. 28° 35') consists of compact, fine-grained, pale yellowish 

 limestone, resembling the Apennine limestone of the Ionian Isles. We did not suc- 

 ceed in finding fossils. It extends for about eighteen miles in a nearly straight line 

 from E.N.E. to W.S.W., dipping at a high angle into the lake ; and it apparently 

 rests upon the schistose rocks which range from Mount Olympus to the west- 

 ward. The same limestone occurs on the north side of the hills between the Lake 

 of Maniyas and Susugherli (Sec. 1). It is accompanied by argillaceous shales and 

 micaceous sandstones, which at the latter place form hills on both sides of the 

 Macestus. Higher up that river, between Ildiz and Kebsit, is a range of schistose 

 hills, in some places very micaceous, and in others resembling argillaceous slate. 

 Huge masses of compact white limestone are exposed on the hill sides in several 

 places, and appear to be allied to the hippurite limestone rather than to the 

 schistose series. 



(&.) The upper Basin of the Hermus. — An arenaceous deposit which occurs in 

 this district, we are inclined to refer to the newest portion of the secondary series. 

 We first observed it on the north slope of a range of schistose rocks, which extend 

 westward from MoradDagh, between the Hermus and the Plain of Hushak (PI. III. 

 Sec. 4). It is well exposed in the ravine east of the village of Makouf, where it con- 

 sists chiefly of brown micaceous sandstone, finely laminated ; but it is not crystal- 

 line or compact, like the schistose formation above described. Some thin beds of 

 soft white limestone were here noticed ; and a little further north, a conglomerate 

 of rolled pebbles of quartz, marble, mica-schist, &c., is interstratified with the 

 sandstone. 



On the south of the schistose ridge, between Sorkoum and Hushak (Sec. 4), is a 

 zone of brown sandstone and quartzose conglomerate, dipping from 40° to 60° to 

 S.W., which is probably referable to the same age. A similar sandstone occurs on 



* For a description of the Apennine Limestone of Zante, see Geol. Trans., vol. v. p. 403 ; and for that 

 of Greece, see the " Expedition scienti/ique de la Moree," partie geologique, par MM. Boblaye et Virlet. 

 Fol. Paris, 1835. 



