12 Mr. W.J. Hamilton and Mr. H. E. Strickland, on the Geology of 



form the mountains around Smyrna, are among the best types of this formation, 

 which fell under our notice in Asia Minor. They are described at length in a 

 separate memoir. (Vol. v. p. 393.) 



{d.) The Island of Scio and the peninsula of Kara-bornou consist of compact 

 grey limestones, which we refer to this formation. These naked mountains pre- 

 sent precisely the same dull grey appearance, which forms so peculiar a feature in 

 the scenery of Greece and Albania, where similar rocks prevail. 



(e.) Sighajik (lat. 38° 14', long. 26° 50'). — The rocky peninsula which extends be- 

 tween Sighajik and Teos, and is connected with the main land by the low marshy 

 plain, on which stand the ruins of Teos, consists of a greyish white limestone re- 

 sembling scaglia, but having sometimes a much more earthy character. It dips 

 slightly to the W. by S. It is generally thick-bedded, and very nearly resembles 

 the lacustrine Umestone near Smyrna. In places, it is underlaid by beds of sand 

 and sandstone, containing calcareous concretions ; and is sometimes thinly bedded, 

 the strata being separated by slightly micaceous marly waybands. 



(/.) Syme (lat. 36° 35', long. 27° 52'). — The whole of the bare and rugged island 

 of Syme consists of a greyish white compact alpine limestone or scaglia, with 

 occasional nodules and bands of siliceous limestone. It is in general very thickly 

 bedded, but is sometimes thin-bedded, the strata being separated by thin seams 

 of marl or green sand. One of the authors (Mr. Hamilton), who was several days 

 on the island, sought in vain for organic remains. The general stratification of 

 Syme is horizontal ; but toward the north the beds dip 80° N.N.W., whereas to 

 the south the dip is S.S.E. The coast-line is rugged and deeply indented, and 

 the general features and characteristics of the island closely resemble those of the 

 island of Ithaca. The whole of the southern shore of the Gulf of Syme consists 

 of the same formation. The limestone varies a little in colour, being sometimes 

 a pale red. At the eastern end of the Gulf, it alternates with bands of pale red 

 jaspery chert, dipping N.W. 50° ; and it is in places much contorted. Further 

 eastward, the dip is still greater. 



(g.) The Island of Rhodes. — The greater part of that portion of the island which 

 has been explored, consists of those rocks which, under the name of Scaglia, or 

 Apennine limestone, have been considered the equivalents of the Cretaceous 

 system of Europe. This formation is composed in the island of Rhodes of — 1st, 

 red and brown sandstone and conglomerates ; and 2ndly, of whitish grey or 

 cream-coloured and red scaglia limestone. 



1. Red and brown Sandstone and Conglomerate. — These appear to constitute the upper beds of the 

 sj'stem, and are found near the centre of the island. A red conglomerate sandstone occurs between Apol- 

 lona and Embona, dipping S.S.W. 50°, and resting conformably upon white scaglia. Indurated red marls 

 and hard sandstone grits also occur in the same locality. At the foot of Mount Atairo, to the N.N.W., 



