the Western Part of Asia Minor. 1 7 



(e.) Basin of Gozuljdh (lat. 39° 25'). — We crossed this basin in going from Tau- 

 shanli to Azani. It is filled with white limestone identical in appearance with 

 English chalk, and containing strata of black flint. The scenery also strongly re- 

 sembles that of our own chalk counties, consisting of rounded hills intersected by 

 dry valleys, and covered with fir and juniper. No organic remains were noticed. 



Near the village of Gozuljah (PI. III. Sec. 5) is a section showing the gradual 

 transition of this white limestone into gravel, as it approaches the margin of the 

 ancient lake. 



(/.) Basin of Azani (lat. 39° 14'). — The ancient town of Azani, the interesting 

 ruins of which are among the best-preserved in Asia Minor, stood in an alluvial 

 plain near the source of the Rhyndacus, surrounded by mountain-chains of mica- 

 schist and marble (Sec. 4). Around the bases of these mountains are beds of 

 gravel, passing into white limestone. The latter rock approaches within three 

 miles of Azani on the south, and has been extensively used in the construction of 

 its ancient buildings. 



The following species of shells were noticed in it : 



1. Limnaea, a species closely resembling L. longiscata, Sow. 



2. , a small turrited species like L.fossaria, Flem. 



3. Physa, a small turrited species like P. hypnorum, Drap. 



4. Planorbis, a large species like P. cornea, Drap. 



5. small, with five rounded volutions, like P. spirorbis. Mull. 



6. small, subcarinate, allied to P. nitidus, Mull. 



7. Pupa, a small species. 



8. Clausilia. 



9. Paludina, a ventricose species like P. similis, Drap. 



{g.) Basin of the Macestus (lat. 39° 20'). — The valley of the Macestus, between 

 Kebsit and Boghaditza, is occupied by a horizontal formation of calcareous marl 

 and white limestone, thinly bedded and of chalky texture, containing in some 

 parts many nodules of flint. In the southern portion of the basin, the beds are 

 broken up by the intrusion of igneous rocks, which will be described hereafter, 

 p. 24, (PI. III. Sec. 1). No organic remains were observed. 



(h.) Basin of Ghiediz (lat. 39° 2') . — A deposit of white limestone fills the upper 

 valley of the Hermus, and is contained between two ranges of schistose mountains 

 which run westward from Morad Dagh. No fossils were noticed during our rapid 

 survey. (PI. III. Sec. 4 and 9.) 



(i.) Basin ofHushak (lat. 38° 39'). — This is a lacustrine formation of great extent, 



bounded on the north and east by branches of Morad Dagh, and on the west by 



^ the mountains near Takmak, while to the south it extends to the Maeander, and is 



^ bounded by the continuation of the range of Messogis. The whole of this area is 



'^ VOL. VI. SECOND SERIES. D 



