the Western Part of Asia Minor. 



37 



8. Eruptions of a later date have poured forth streams of lava, 

 which have flowed down the valleys of denudation. 



9. These eruptions have in some cases stopped the drainage of 

 the valleys and produced lakes. 



10. These newer streams of lava have been deeply excavated by 

 the action of rivers now flowing. 



11. The more recent volcanos, though extinct from the earliest 

 historic times, present all the sharpness of outline and barren- 

 ness of surface incident to volcanos now in action. 



12. Thermal springs rise in the vicinity of the volcanic rocks. 



EXAMPLES. 



Catacecaumene. 



Auvergne. 



Cones of the 2nd 



Puy de Nugere, La 



and 3rd periods. 



Vache, Grave- 





nere, &c. 



Marsh near Koola. 



Lakes of Aidat and 





Chambon. 



Gorge above Ada- 



Lava of Pont Gi- 



la. 



baud, Jaujac, &c. 



The two Karade- 



Puy de Pariou, 



wits and Kaplan 



Come, La Vache, 



Alan. 



&c., &c. 



Springs six miles 



Mont Dor, St. Nec- 



N.N.E. of Koola. 



taire, &c. 



GENERAL CONCLUSION. 



It would be rash, without much more extended observations on other parts of 

 Asia Minor not visited by us, to attempt any generalization or theory on the suc- 

 cessive formations of the different groups and systems of rocks in the Western part 

 of Asia Minor. Most of those which have occurred to us as safe, in the present 

 imperfect state of our knowledge and the scarcity of organic remains, have been 

 introduced into the foregoing pages. There are however a few remarks which 

 result from the observations on the coast of Ionia and Caria, which we think may 

 with propriety be noticed here. 



1. That the scaglia, or compact, white Alpine limestone, is more abundant in 

 Rhodes and the southern parts of Asia Minor than in the northern or central di- 

 stricts of the peninsula. It is the same formation which constitutes the principal 

 mass of the range of Mount Taurus, of which it may be considered as the western 

 prolongation. Judging from the Nummulites found in it near Adalia, and at Dee- 

 nair, near the source of the Maeander, it appears to be the same group, which ex- 

 tends through the Morea into the Ionian Islands. 



2. The micaceous schist and saccharine marble, which are so extensively deve- 

 loped in the mountain-chains extending through the central parts of Asia Minor, 

 as Mount Tmolus, Gallesus, Messogis, and along the coast of Ionia, gradually dis- 

 appear towards the south, where they are replaced by the scaglia formation*. 



3. The igneous and volcanic rocks, which in the central and northern parts 



* The peninsula of Asia Minor may therefore be regarded as one vast axis of schistose rocks, flanked 

 on the south by the Cretaceous System. — H. E. S. 



