442 Mr. Austen on the 



served, being Patella vulgata, Miirexerinaceus, Turbo littoreus, Turritellaierebra {Flem.^,SerpulcB, Cardium 

 edule, C. tuberculatum, Modiola vulgaris, Pecten maximus,P. varius, Cyprina Islandica, Venerupis decussata, 

 and Ostrea edulis. The materials of these beds are such as the rocks in the immediate vicinity might sup- 

 ply ; but chalk fliuts also occur, which are not to be found, that I am aware, on any beach within the Bay. 



A similar marine deposit occurs on the Thatcher, a small insulated rock situated 

 about a quarter of a mile south-west of Hope's Nose ; and it is rich in shells, par- 

 ticularly the Turritella terehra (Flem.). 



The circumstance to which the preservation of this evidence of so great a change 

 of relative level is owing, is the hard nature of the limestone rock on which the 

 marine beds rest, and with which they are co-extensive. From this, and also the 

 abrupt manner in which they are cut off, these detached beds may be taken as fair 

 illustrations of the amount of elevation, but not of their original horizontal extent. 



Near Brixham, both within the Bay and between Berry Head and Sharkham 

 Point, are similar deposits, which contain portions of the iron-lode of that place, 

 rounded into pebbles. At one spot the haematite has reunited into a compact 

 mass, and includes occasionally patches of sea-sand and shells. 



Similar proofs of recent elevation occur at intervals along the southern coast, 



wherever the hardness of the rocks has enabled the deposit to resist the washing of 



the sea ; as near the mouth of the Dart, and at Slapton, where it rests on new red 



sandstone. These beds, like those of Hope's Nose, contain chalk flints, though 



none are to be found along the present line of beach. 



FifiT. 4. 

 All the above deposits exhibit instances of that diagonal lamination so 



common in some of the older arenaceous formations, particularly in the 



new red sandstone of South Devon (fig. 4.). The beds also are seldom 



horizontal, except where the surface on which they rest happens to have 



been so ; if otherwise, they partake of the slope, and dip at various 



angles towards the sea. In one instance, on the north coast of Devon, 



I observed an inclination of as much as 35°. Recent marinedeposits diagonally laminated. 



To those who are aware how rich the waters of the neighbouring sea, and of Tor Bay in particular, 

 are in testacea, the list above given will appear exceedingly meagre ; but in this respect the Devonshire 

 deposits agree with those of the same period in other localities. Not only are all the forms which have 

 been already noticed, and which may be considered as the present characteristics of our south-west- 

 ern coasts, entirely wanting, but we miss all those other shells which any beach, at the present day, would 

 readily supply. This is only negative evidence, but it suggests that the period of these raised deposits 

 may have been one less favourable than the present to the development of marine life, — owing, perhaps, 

 to a lower temperature ; such as the broken up or detrital edges of the slate rocks would also indicate. 



Tertiary Deposits. 

 Period marked by Extinct Animal Forms. (Map, PI. XLI.) 



§ 1, Gravel. — This term would probably be applied to many accumulations 

 within the district here described, which, though they may have been produced by 



