1857.] 



BAILY FOSSILS FROM THE CRIMEA. 



153 



from Simferopol, amongst which are the large Echinoderm called 

 Conoelypus conoideus, Ostrea gigantea y and Cerithium giganteum. 

 Of the Foraminifera the principal species are Nummulites distans, 

 Deshayes, and Nummulites Raymondi, D'Archiac (N. rotularius, 

 Desh.). Several species of Mollusca included in M. Du Bois' list, 

 such as Cardium porulosum, Cerithium giganteum, Fusus turgidus, 

 Voluta muricina, and V. luctatrix, with Turritella imbrieataria, 

 are common in the Barton and Bracklesham beds of this country. 



The Middle, or Newer Tertiary formation, which, under the name 

 of Steppe Limestone, covers the largest extent of country in the 

 Crimea, is abundant in fossils having peculiar characters different 

 from those of any deposit in England, being closely analogous to 

 forms at present existing in the great inland salt seas of the Aral 

 and Caspian. The peculiar forms of Cardium and Dreissena found 

 in the deposits of iron-ore near Kertch and in other parts of the 

 Crimea, of brackish-water origin, are believed to indicate the former 

 existence of a great inland sea, of which the Aral and Caspian are 

 remnants, but which was larger than the present Mediterranean ; a 

 belief of which the illustrious Pallas was the first propounder. 



The Mollusca from other Newer Tertiary deposits near Sevas- 

 topol are more marine in their character, the Bivalves belonging 

 principally to the genus Cyprina, the Univalves to peculiar forms 

 of Buccinum and Trochus : of the latter, 1 1 species were collected, 

 6 being identical with forms figured in the ( Voyage of M. Hom- 

 maire,' and described by M. D'Orbigny, from Kichinev in Bessarabia : 

 they also occur in the Tertiary deposits of Podolia and Volhynia, 

 indicating a probable contemporaneity of all these geological forma- 

 tions. 



Table of Jurassic Fossils found in the Crimea. 



o * 



s-i 



s a. 



Name. Locality. 



Lias. 



Infer. 

 Oolite. 



(Oxfordian) 

 Coral Rag. 



Amorphozoa. 











1 



Scyphia Cockburnii, Baily. PI. VIII. 

 fig. 1 a, b. 



Zoophyta. 



Near the Monastery of 

 St. George. 





* 





1 

 1 

 1 

 1 

 1 





Soudaxioxia 





* 



* 



* 



Thecosmilia annularis, Flem., sp. ... 







? Astraea polygonalis, Mich. 



Between Monastery and 

 Balaclava. 





2 

 3 



Thamnastraea arachnoides, Par£.,sp. 







* 



* 



Between Monastery and 

 Balaclava. 



1 



Montlivaltia trochoides, Edw 







# 







Echinodermata. 











1 

 2 



8 







* 



* 



* 





Gorge of Iphigenia ... 



Blumenbachii (spines), Gold/.. 



