1857.] SPRATT — DOBRUTCHA. 207 



A rocky point, which juts into the lake to the east of Kanara, 

 seems also to be a part of the same limestone. 



The opposite section, fig. 2, will explain the disposition of the 

 formations : — 



A cream-coloured compact limestone, b lt interstratified with 

 light-grey shales, in layers from 1 to 3 feet thick, together attaining 

 a thickness of 500 or 600 feet, occupies the point ; and at the ex- 

 tremity the strata dip to the S.W. by S., or S.W., at an angle of 

 35°. Here they are more crystalline than at 200 or 300 yards 

 within the point ; this indicates, perhaps, a proximate igneous rock 

 not visible. 



The dip of the strata diminishes as they recede from the point 

 towards the village of Kanara, where they seem to be in contact 

 with, and overlaid by, white chalky marl, b 2 ; but whether passing 

 into and conformable with it, I could not ascertain, on account of 

 the superficial marls of the Steppe, e, covering the whole. 



Although I procured no fossils from the limestones, b x , at 

 Kanara Point or at the island, the beds seemed to be identical in 

 mineral ogical character with those at Cape Media, fig. 1 ; more par- 

 ticularly as the chalk-marls overlie them in apparent continuity of 

 succession. The chalk-marls* appear, by the fossils that I procured 

 from them, to be either of the Cretaceous or Upper Jurassic age. 



About half a mile to the south-east of the village of Kanara rises 

 a semicircular cliff of the chalk-marl, nearly 30 feet high (6 3 , in 

 the section, fig. 2). The chalk-marl dips to the south-east or south- 

 ward, at from 5° to 8°, and is capped by about 15 feet of yellowish- 

 brown sandstone, c, with oolitic rock. This appears to be an early 

 tertiary deposit, and corresponds with some oolitic strata that occur 

 at the base of Kustenjeh Point (see c, fig. 3), as also with the oolitic 

 strata of the Malakoff ridge at Sevastopol. 



The deposit, c, capping the chalk, is unconformable, and is evi- 

 dently of an early Tertiary age f. 



This chalk-cliff must have been an elevated point in the fresh- 

 water lake of the Tertiary period, since it is covered and flanked only 

 by the superficial marls of the Steppe series (e in both the sec- 

 tions). These also fill the valleys on either side*of the ridge. 



At about half a mile more to the south-east is another chalk-cliff, 

 b 4i which extends along the coast for more than a mile, and beyond 

 the village of Pallas. This cliff seems to be composed of an upper 

 series of the Chalk, since the strata have the same dip as in the 

 former section, and contain a large quantity of siliceous bands and 

 nodules, though very few fossils. I could procure only a few frag- 

 ments, as the whole series of strata composing this cliff are more 

 indurated than in the chalk at Kanara. 



* Portions of a Ventriculite, together with ferruginous ramose concretions and 

 pyritous balls, are in the specimens of this soft white calcareous rock, sent by 

 the author. It contains also cretaceous Foraminifera. — Edit. 



t Specimens sent to the Society are — a hard oolitic white limestone with 

 bivalves (Lucina ?) ; a cream-coloured compact crystalline limestone ; and a hard 

 yellowish limestone, full of casts of univalves and bivalves, chiefly two forms of 

 fluted Cardium or Adacna. — Edit. 



