NO. I 



s.MiTHsuMAx i:.\i-i.oKATio.\s, ly'y 



53 



sacred because it syml)olizes the entrance to the underworlil. Over 

 it in Ho])i ceremonies is erected the altar, and thri^UL^li il the ])riests 

 call to their kin in the underworld. .\ most instructive feature.' in 

 the structure of the kiva is ihe means of ventilation, lielween the fire 

 hole and the wall there i^ an upright slab of stone, //, a wall of 

 niasour}-. or simp'y u])riL;ht sticks covered with claw The function 

 of this object is to deflect i)iu-e air which enters the room from a 

 shaft ojieniniLi' outside. (/.• the xeiuilalnr is moridioloj^icalK the 

 sur\'ival ot ihe door\\a_\' of the eanh Iodide or protolxpe of llu- kiwa. 



l-'u.. 33. — \'ie\v from below of one .sector of orii;inal roof lo.ns of kiva A. 

 I'lioto>ira])li hy (Jordon Parker. 



.\ characteristic feature of the ki\a is the rottf. which rests on si.x 

 nuiral pilasters. C ; the inler\aU ht'lween which are called ban- 

 (|Uettes. H. thai ( . / ) over the xcmilatnr beinu; w idci- ,ind bin.idrr tlian 

 the others. Tlu' jHlasters sujiporl loi^s. P. I >'. I >' . laid one above 

 another in the- foiin of cribbini.;'. Short slicks. P. are ]ilaeed at ri^bl 

 an.L;l<'S to the cribbing to prevent sa;.^L;ing. I 'pon this ciibbiiiL; are 

 laid loi^s over which is spread cctlar bark to suppml the clay cnxeriuL; 

 the roof, 'i'he hatchway, which also served for the jias^ai^e of sinnke. 

 is situati'd in tin- mof .iImim- tin- tirf linK-. hi the construrtioii ot this 

 roof, men rif the .^tone .\,i;e in AnK-rica wcrr nut far from the ilis- 

 covery of the ])rinciple of the doiiu . 



