88 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 72 



one of which, now erased, represented a phalHc l)eing still associated 

 with New Fire ceremonies among the Hopi, while others represent 

 fire itself. At the New Fire ceremony among the Hopi one of the 

 four fraternities that celebrate it is the order of Horn Priests, who 

 wear on their heads imitations of the horns of mountain sheep. A 

 large number of paintings of mountain sheep cover the walls of the 

 west room of Fire Temple where fire was supposed to be kindled. 



The massive walled buildings at the east and west (fig. 94) ends 

 of the court formerly reached to the roof of the cave, and although 

 two stories high no wooden beams for flooring occur in their con- 



FiG. 105. — Cedar Tree Tower after excavation. Photograph by J. A. Jeancon. 



struction. Wherever a lower story existed it was filled in with rubble 

 on top of which was laid an adobe floor. On the white plastering, 

 which is well preserved, there are numerous figures in red, mostly 

 triangles and symbols of lightning ; female and male symbols similar 

 to those in sacred rooms. 



Just west of Fire Temple there is a group of rooms from which 

 utensils were excavated. In the floor of one of these rooms is a 

 vertical shaft which opens outside the house walls like a ventilator. 

 The former use of this structure is unknown. 



Although Fire Temple was not inhabited there were undoubted 

 dwellings nearby. A hundred feet east of it there are two low caves, 

 one above the other, in which may have lived those who once made 



