Capl. Grant on the Geology of Cutch. 297 



least admixture of the sandstone-slate, whilst in others, the latter alternates 

 very often with it. 



The beds being horizontal, except where they have been disturbed, the 

 formation occupies considerable tracts; and where it rises into hills it is 

 generally capped by a thick bed either of coarse, soft sandstone, as in the 

 ghats of the Charwar range, the Bhooda hill (near Bhooj), the Jarra (near 

 the Indus), and other hills ; or of a very compact, hard, crystalline sandstone, 

 with a conchoidal fracture, as in the Chuppal hills, the Jarra, and in other 

 places, including the natural walls of the Runn, described in a subsequent 

 part. 



Relative Position ivith respect to the other Strata. — I searched diligently 

 to find the relative position of this formation distinctly defined, but in vain, 

 as, at its apparent junction with other beds, the whole of the strata were 

 broken up, and so confused as to baffle every attempt to ascertain the boun- 

 dary. I am induced, however, to believe that it occupies hollows in the sand- 

 stone and coal formation, or abuts against it. It cannot underlie that series, 

 because its strata are always horizontal, except where locally disturbed ; while 

 the beds of sandstone and coal are as invariably inclined at a considerable 

 angle, and are everywhere intersected with dykes, slips, and other disloca- 

 tions, from which the upper secondary strata are generally free. In one 

 instance the formation evidently occupied a hollow in the coal sandstone. 



In many places it appears to abut against the sandstone, occupying large 

 tracts which may, at some period, have been covered by beds of that forma- 

 tion, subsequently washed away. From what has been stated above, it is at 

 all events newer than the coal beds ; and this conclusion is also borne out by 

 its imbedded fossils. 



Apparent Position with respect to the English Series. — In its mineralogical 

 character and general appearance, this formation greatly resembles the En- 

 glish lias ; but its fossils have been found, after a careful examination by Mr. 

 James Sowerby, to assimilate very closely to those of the oolitic beds ; and 

 a very few belonging to the green sand. 



Fossils. — Of the fossils found in these beds, the Ammonites are the most characteristic, occur- 

 ring in vast quantities, particularly in some hills bordering the Runn. Of the eleven species 

 which I collected, eight are unknown to Mr. James Sowerby, to whom I am entirely indebted for 

 all my information regarding them. (See Plates XXI., XXII., and XXIII.) Of the other three 

 species, one so closely agrees with A.Herveyii (Plate XXIII. fig. 5.) of the English cornbrash, that 

 he is induced to consider it only a variety of that species ; another in the outer whorl (Plate 

 XXIII. fig. 13.) resembles A. perarmatus of the coral rag, but differs in the structure of the inner 

 whorls ; and the third, of which there is only one imperfect specimen (Plate XXIII. fig. 12.), is like 

 A. corrugatus of the inferior oolite of England. They generally vary in diameter, from three to 



