Capt. Grant on the Geology of Cuich. 301 



swamp, which is crossed by the western wall of the fort. A cut through 

 the northern ridge exposes a very good section of the nummulitic stone, 

 dipping 40° to the north ; whilst, in a similar cut through the southern ridge, 

 made for the purpose of connecting two tanks, the same beds dip from 40° 

 to 50° due south. In the centre ridge the section is not quite so perfect, but 

 the beds are nearly, if not truly, horizontal, forming an anticlinal axis to the 

 other two. 



This elevated tract of the nummulitic limestone extends only three miles 

 to the eastward of Luckput, the ground there descending abruptly into a 

 plain, composed of various clays, a coarse ferruginous stone and sandstone, 

 with quantities of selenite scattered about, the whole presenting a confused ap- 

 pearance, as if it had been the site of an igneous outburst. Patches of ground, 

 every here and there, have also an altered appearance, and are covered with 

 small fragments of igneous rock. The plain is bounded to the south by a 

 low range of basaltic hills. Prom Luckput southward to the village of Pun- 

 undrow, the same nummulitic rock continues, but varies in hardness from a 

 compact limestone to a white marl. It is also very well exposed between the 

 villages of Eyeraio and Wage-ke-Pudda, at the southern limits of the forma- 

 tion. To the S.W. of Eyeraio is a plain, composed of a white calcareous 

 marl, and flanked to the south by a low range of hills of the same material, 

 sending off into the plain numerous small projections, with rounded termina- 

 tions precisely like headlands. Numerous isolated hillocks, or high banks, with 

 sides worn in the same way, and resembling islands, are scattered about the 

 plain, and the whole surface looks as if it had only lately been deserted by 

 water, or as if a violent flood had swept over it. The banks of the small nul- 

 lahs, which intersect the plain, are composed of gravel, containing rounded 

 masses of a variety of the calcareous marl. Advancing westward, the ground 

 rises a little, and the surface consists of a hard rock, which contains oysters 

 and other bivalves, whilst in some places large patches are entirely composed of 

 silicified corals. I also found in this place fragments of fossil bone, said by 

 Messrs. Clift and Owen to be parts of rib-bones, like those of the Manatus, 

 but flatter. To the north, this plain is bounded by a river, the perpendicular 

 banks of which, 60 or 70 feet in height, consist entirely of nummulitic marl, 

 capped by a thin stratum of gravel. In one part, the bed of the river is sub- 

 jected to the action of a small stream of water, so strongly impregnated with 

 saline ingredients, that large lumps of salt are formed in the hollows worn in 

 the rock, which here assumes the character of a hard limestone, probably in 

 part due to the quality of the water that passes over it. The beds are hori- 

 zontal, except where they have been disturbed and shattered. 



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