316 Capt. Grant on the Geology of Cutch. 



at all angles ; and the remainder consists of very compact basalt. The hill is 

 divided into two parts by a narrow^, tortuous cleft, the sides of which are nearly 

 perpendicular, and composed of irregularly triangular prisms of basalt. The 

 cleft is not more than four feet wide at the bottom, though it is somewhat 

 broader at the top ; and as it passes completely through the hill, we must 

 suppose the whole to be similarly composed. 



All the other numerous isolated hills scattered over this part of the province, 

 including that called the Nunnaw, next to Denodur, appear to be similarly 

 constructed. 



The hill called Lecka, deserves particular notice. It forms one of a group 

 of hills on the borders of the Runn, at the north-western extremity of the pro- 

 vince, and is composed of two portions ; one consisting of stratified beds of 

 sandstone ; and the other wholly of basalt, in irregular, triangular columns. 

 The beds of sandstone are horizontally disposed, and of various colours and 

 textures; the lowest stratum being a coarse, brown, quartzose grit. The 

 igneous rocks crop out in various places near this spot, forming a cluster of 

 small hills between it and the Jooria range ; the intervening spaces being 

 broken in the most confused manner. 



Recent Outbursts. — Having given as many examples of the elevatory ef- 

 fects of volcanic action as my space will admit, I shall conclude my account of 

 their phaenomena with a description of some igneous outbursts of, apparently, 

 a very recent epoch. The principal one occurs at the village of Wag6-ke- 

 Pudda. The spot which has been acted on is a rather high table-land, com- 

 posed of the nummulitic marl, and is flanked by low, irregular hills of iron- 

 stone and gravel, called by the natives Kara Rurraw. The first view of it, is 

 very striking. Conceive a space of about two square miles, blown out into a 

 flat basin, the sides being broken into fissures, with craters, ravines, and hol- 

 lows ; and the interior, or bed of the basin, interspersed with hillocks and 

 cones of every variety of colour, black, red, yellow, and white, and with 

 patches of cinders, similar to the refuse of a furnace ; the whole looking as 

 fresh as if the igneous agents were still in operation. 



The surface of the table-land immediately surrounding the blown -out space, 

 is covered with a burnt ironstone, divided into irregular cells, similar to Sep- 

 taria ; below which are steep banks, 40 to 50 feet high, consisting of commi- 

 nuted particles of clay, sand, gravel, scoriaB, and small angular pieces of basalt; 

 the whole being loose, and having a dry and brittle feel. 



Within the centre are several small craters, or circular spaces, surrounded 

 by walls of basalt. None of them are perfect circles, being broken through 

 by watercourses ; but one has about two thirds of its circumference com- 



