EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES AND WOOD-CUTS. 



arising from the cylinder passed to the tubercles of the surface, through the thick 

 cellular tissue which once probably occupied the larger space in the original plant. 

 The discovery of these smaller oblique vessels is an interesting feature in the ana- 

 tomy of Stigmaria ; and they have also been pointed out by Mr. Brown as ex- 

 isting in Anabathra, and one of these is actually figured by Mr. Witham in his 

 work', but considered by him (p. 41.) as a section of a medullary ray. The ana- 

 logous vessels existing in Lepidodendron Harcoiirtii, as figured by Mr. Witham-^, 

 appear to arise from the outer part of the vascular cylinder. A somewhat simi- 

 lar arrangement is also found in that division of Lycopodiacece, consisting of Psilo- 

 tiim and Tmesipteris : in those genera, the vascular cylinder, from which the oblique 

 cords proceed, includes a central pith '^. 



Fig. 3 b. Shows that the vessels are much smaller at the internal rounded portions 

 of the wedges. 



Fig. S c. Exhibits the oblique cords, consisting of smaller vessels surrounding vessels 

 of larger diameter nearly equal to those forming the vertical tissue. 



Fig. .3 a. Is an oblique section which exhibits the connexion of these vascular cords 

 with the vertical tissue. 



Stigmaria melocactoides, Sternberg, Flor. der Vorw. p. 38. 



Stem deformed, 6 to 8 inches thick, with the apex rounded, pertuse, and filled with 

 sandstone; leaves unknown, cicatrices hke S.Jicoides. This I believe may prove 

 to be a terminal portion oi S.Jicoides. 



Sternberg considers PJiTjtolithus verrucosus of Steinhauer, Martin, and Parkin- 

 son as a synonym of this species ; but it rather appears to be only a terminal por- 

 tion o( S.Jicoides. 



Fig. 4. Carpoliies Zamioides, n.s. The figure is somewhat similar to the Bothrcden- 

 dron punctatum, Fossil Flora, t. 218, and which is considered to have been a cone ; 

 an opinion that can scarcely be entertained of our specimen ; the ovate and com- 

 pressed form of which is more analogous to the seed of some species of Zamia or 

 even Palms. 



Fig. 12. Carpolites Helicteroides, n.s. Fruit ovato-lanceolate, attenuate at both ends ; 

 polycarpous ?, Carpella 4 or 5, twisted spirally but not closely together. 



The apparent resemblance of this specimen to the cast of a fruit of Helicteres 

 has suggested the specific name, although its affinity to that genus may be very 

 doubtful. 



The above name was given to the specimen figured previously to our having 

 seen a somewhat similar fossil described by Presl in the last part of Sternberg's 

 Flora der Vorwelt, where it is placed under the genus Palceoxyris of Brongniart, 

 from its supposed resemblance to the inflorescence of the recent Xi/ris, an opinion 

 scarcely borne out by the general appearance of this fossil ; it has therefore been 

 retained under Carpoliies for the reason stated above. The two species already 



^ On the Internal Structure of Fossil Vegetables, 2nd Edit. t. 8, f. 12. 



" Trans, of the Nat. Hist. Soc. of Newcastle, 1832. 



' Ad. Brongniart, Hist, des Veget. Foss. v. ii. p. 44, 45. 



