86 FOSSIL MAMMALIA. 



In the country of Darmstadt, on the banks of the Rhiney 

 were found a cranium, and several other bones, accompanied by 

 many bones of the elephant and ox ; another in the department 

 of Worms ; and a third by Prince Schwartsburg-Rudolstadt, 

 at Cumbach ; of all which Merck makes mention in his letters. 

 It would be quite inconsistent with our plan, and not very 

 interesting to the reader, to particularize every place in Ger- 

 many where such remains have been found. It appears that, 

 as early as 1786, there had been fragments of at least twenty- 

 two individuals found in that country ; and since that period 

 vast numbers of others have been found. 



France has not furnished nearly as great a quantity of the 

 remains of the rhinoceros as Germany, or perhaps those which 

 have been discovered have not been so universally described. 

 It will be sufficient, therefore, to observe, though considerable 

 numbers have been discovered, that for the most part, teeth 

 excepted, they were rather in a fragmentary state. 



Italy, so abundant in fossils of all kinds, possesses the re- 

 mains of the rhinoceros in immense quantities. They are found 

 in the Vale of Arno, and most of them appertain to a second 

 species distinct from that whose remains are most commonly 

 to be found in Germany and Siberia. They principally abound 

 in the Vale of the Upper Arno. They are found in the same 

 strata as the bones of the elephant and hippopotamus, namely, 

 in those clay and sand-hills which constitute, as it were, the 

 first step of the mountains. They have also been found on 

 this side the Apennine chain, but the most considerable and 

 interesting discovery of these bones was made in 1805, by M. 

 Cortesi of Pla9enza, on a hill parallel with Monte Pulgnasco, 

 where he had also discovered an elephant. 



The skeleton of the rhinoceros was about a mile from that of 

 the elephant, and the gangue was the same, though at a much 

 greater depth. There was over it at least two hundred feet 

 of sand. An entire head was found there, ten vertebrae, four- 

 teen ribs, two shoulder-blades entire, and two fore-legs, all 



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