124 



FOSSIL MAMMALIA. 



Among the other bones, there are decidedly found those of 

 at least two species. 



Some bones of one of these more resembled those of our 

 living bears, than some of the other. A humerus, &c., in 

 particular, were scarcely distinguishable. This was also the 

 case with some other small bones belonging to both species. 



The bones of bears are also found in the loose strata. Those 

 observed in Tuscany differ from the cave bears^ and approach 

 more to the brown. 



To the large species with convex front, the Baron gives the 

 name of Ursus Spelceus. The large species with flattened 

 front, he hypothetically terms U. Arctoideus, The one with 

 small cranium he calls U. Priscus, and the one of Tuscany he 

 first named U, Etruscus ; but afterwards, on account of its 

 compressed canines, he changed the name to Cultridens, 



The Fossil Hy^na. 



So much is already known and written concerning this animal 

 that we must be brief. One hyaena has most assuredly been 

 very abundant among those ancient animals which we have 

 been describing. Its bones have been found not only in the 

 caverns where we have seen the remains of the bear so abun- 

 dant, but also in the alluvial strata containing the debris of 

 elephants. There are sufficient proofs in print of the very 

 ancient existence of some one species of this animal in three 

 different places in Germany, in the cave of Gaylenreuth, in 

 the sand-hills near Eichstadt, and in Baumann's Hohle. For 

 this we have the testimony of figures given by Esper, CoUini, 

 and Kundmann, though all three mistook the animal to which 

 the bones they figured had belonged. 



Hyaenas^ bones have also been discovered in other parts of 

 Germany, and in France ; but by far the most abundant depot 

 of them was found in the cave of Kirkdale, which we have 

 already noticed. 



The Baron is satisfied, from an examination of vast numbers 



