FOSSIL FISH. 387 



ancient^ since above them are found strata containing ammo- 

 nites, belemnites, and entrochites. 



In the secondary strata, ichthyolites are found. They exist at 

 Grammont, four leagues from Beaune in France, in a hard, 

 grey calcareous stone, which appears to form a part of the 

 ancient limestone, containing gryphites and belemnites. 



Fortis has found fossil fish in a fissile calcareous stone, 

 partly forming the high mountain of Pietra Roya, a portion of 

 Mount Mat^s, in Italy. They are couched flatly, in reUef, 

 and their ridges are converted into silex. On cutting the 

 stone, the fish, instead of being divided more or less equally 

 between the two parts, remains attached altogether to one of 

 them. Unluckily, Fortis has not described these fishes. 



At Stabia, in Italy, on the borders of the sea, in a place 

 called the Tower of Orlando, to the west of Castellamare, are 

 found fossil fish, in a limestone coarsely fissile, fetid, and of 

 a grey, bordering on bluish, which has very great relations with 

 that of the Apennines. 



In the chalk in the neighbourhood of Paris, of Beauvais, 

 of Mount St. Pierre, of Maestricht, of Perigeux, and of 

 Gravesend in this country, the remains of fossil fish are found ; 

 and it is probable that they exist in many other places where 

 the same strata prevail ; but these remains are so badly pre- 

 served, that it is difficult to recognize to what genera they may 

 have belonged. 



In the coquillaceous coarse limestone, or, as we call it, 

 crag-limestone, remains of fossil fish have been found in the 

 quarries of Nanterre, in those of St. Denys near Paris, and in 

 almost all the strata of the crag-limestone. But these remains 

 are in the same predicament as the last-mentioned. 



In Pappenheim, Solenhoffen, Aichsted, Ruppin, and even 

 Anspach, ichthyolites are found. The most remarkable of 

 the quarries of this locality is one which we have mentioned 

 before, situated between Aichsted and Solenhoffen. The 

 remains are usually impressions, or reliefs, of the skeleton, 



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