494 FOSSIL INVERTEBRATED ANIMALS. 



Aldrovandus mentions an insect of this last genus and some 

 petrified grubs on a black stone from the canton of Glaris. 



Vallerius tells us, that in the stones of CEningen flying 

 insects have been found, such as scarabei, flies, libellulae, and 

 butterflies. 



Bromel announces that vestiges of insects, of the wings of 

 butterflies, and scarabei, have been found in the aluminous 

 slates of the quarries of Andra-Rumen, in the province of 

 Scania, in Sweden. He also mentions the wings of flies in 

 the stones of Frankenberg, and large insects, accompanied by 

 brilliant pyrites in those of Wurtzburg. 



In the quarries of Vestena Nuova, with the skeletons of 

 fish, a marine insect has been found, which is referred to the 

 genus Pygnogonum of Fabricius. 



Different authors, such as Buttner, Richter, Vogel, Lon- 

 ginus, Lippi, and Bruckmann, have stated, that in the schists 

 of CEningen have been found ichneumons, dipterous insects, 

 envelopes of larvae, and nymphae ; and that in Ethiopia, the 

 cells of bees, and the eggs of insects, have been seen in the 

 fossil state. 



We may remark here that superficial observation may have 

 represented matters to certain writers somewhat differently 

 from the truth. It is not easy to believe, for instance, that 

 grubs could have passed into the fossil state, and it is ex- 

 tremely probable that oolites have been mistaken for the eggs of 

 insects. As to the supposed combs of bees, they seem evi- 

 dently to have been fossil astraese, in which the laminae that 

 filled each cell have been destroyed — by no means an uncom- 

 mon case. We may certainly believe that scarabei can pass into 

 the fossil state ; but there is also reason to think that pyritous 

 paradoxites and their debris have often been taken for them. 



On the schists of Solenhoffen, of Pappenheim, and of 

 Eichstadt, impressions have been seen which have been taken 

 for earth-worms, and to which the name of helmintholites has 

 been given. But, from the figures given by Knorr, it is pro- 



