FOSSIL INVERTEBRATED ANIMALS. 509 



detached pieces, changed into calcareous spath^ the largest of 

 which are seven or eight lines in diameter. They are pierced 

 at their centre by a circular hole^ in which some slight striae are 

 to be found. Some are traversed by one axis, or tube, chan- 

 nelled circularly; and this axis is itself hollow atone of its ends. 



Many articulations are to be met with, which have depended 

 on round stems, in the Vosges ; in the environs of Besan9on ; 

 near Dijon ; in the ancient strata of the environs of Valognes ; 

 in the Vicentine ; at Bradfort, in this country ; and even in 

 the island of Timor. They constitute the greatest part of the 

 elements of Flanders marble, which has been termed the lesser 

 granite. The corolla, however, which should terminate the 

 stems, on which these numerous articulations depend, is never 

 to be found : Pallas has met with these sorts of articulations, 

 of different sizes, in the schistose strata near Konstantinovo, 

 and in other parts of Russia. In the principality of Salm, they 

 constitute, of themselves alone, an iron mine. 



In the schists, on the summits of the Alleghany Mountains, 

 in Pennsylvania, and in the sandstone at Buttenrode, are found 

 impressions and internal moulds of articulations, and of por- 

 tions of the round stems of encrini. Some of these moulds 

 prove that the axis of some species was pierced with a very 

 wide hole, and channelled circularly in its interior. 



The encrini, with heads, or coroUae, as the lilium lapideum^ 

 are not exclusively supported on round stems — at least, in 

 their entire length. To the base of one of these heads, found 

 in the environs of Dijon, are still attached the two final articu- 

 lations, which have five corners or flaps. The basis is not 

 formed of pieces similar to those just described : a figure of a 

 similar one may be seen in Parkinson. 



Some portions of round stems, channelled circularly, and 

 with striae divergent from the centre to the circumference, 

 present, on an articulation more projecting than the others, 

 five appendages, which indicate that they have been furnished 

 with five lateral articulated branches. These portions of stems 



