44 FLOWEK.— ARCTIC CETACEA. 



on several occasions in small herds near the entrance of the 

 Baltic. Its true habitat is still an interesting subject for ob- 

 servation. See J. Reinhardt, '* Recent Memoirs on the Cetacea," 

 Ray Soc. 1866. 



Globicephalus melas (Trail), the Ca'ing Whale or Pilot Whale, 

 Grindval of the Faroese, characterised by the round form of the 

 head, very long and pointed flippers, moderate-sized dorsal fin, 

 and small and often deciduous teeth, is one of the most numerous 

 and best-known of all the Northern Cetaceans, swimming in very 

 large herds or "• schools." It attains the length of 20 feet, and 

 is black all over with the exception of a whitish stripe along the 

 belly. 



Grampus griseus (Cuvier), Risso's Grampus, is a Mediterranean 

 and Atlantic species, allied to the last, but distinguished by its grey 

 or variegated colour, smaller flipper, and fewer teeth. It has 

 hitherto not been met with farther north than the entrance to the 

 Baltic. 



The Porpoise, Phoccena communis, F. Cuvier, Nisa of the Green- 

 landers, is the smallest of the Northern Cetaceans, not exceeding 

 5 feet in length, and the most common on the English coasts. The 

 Phoccena found on the Atlantic coast of America has been 

 described as distinct from the European species. If this be the 

 case, to which does the Porpoise found in Davis Straits belong ? 



The remaining species, constituting the true Dolphins, are 

 known by the more or less elongated and pointed " beak," with 

 numerous small teeth, rather high falcate dorsal fin and pointed 

 pectorals. There are four well-known species in the Northern 

 seas, distinctly characterised by their skeleton as well as by their 

 external features, which only need be mentioned here. 



Delphinus delphis, Linn. The common Dolphin, Ardluarsak 

 of the Greenlanders. Teeth 44 to oO on each side above and 

 below. Length of adult 7 to 8 feet. Black above, shaded to 

 brilliant white below. 



Delphinus tursio, Fabricius. The Bottle-nosed Dolphin. Teeth 

 20 to 25 on each side above and below ; truncated in old animals. 

 Length 10 to 12 feet. Black above, sides dusky, white below. 



Delphinus acutus, Gray. The White-sided Dolphin. Teeth 28 

 to 36 on each side above and below. Length 6 to 8 feet. 

 Black above, white below ; a large white stripe on each flank. 



Delphinus albh'ostris, Gray. White-beaked Dolphin. Teeth 

 22 to 27 on each side above and below. Length 7 to 9 feet. Deep 

 purple- black above ; beak, lips, and belly creamy-white ; the 

 colours sharply defined. 



Besides the works referred to above, the following may be 

 consulted with reference to the Northern Cetacea : — 



A. J. Malmgren : " Beobachtungen und Anzeichnungen iiber die 

 '' Saugethier-Fauna Finmarkens uhd Spitzbergens." Overs. Kong. 

 Svenska Vetensk. Akad. Forhand 1864, II. p. 127. Wiegm. 

 Arch. Natursch., 1864, p. 63. 



Lindemann : " Eine Geshichte der Arktischen Fischerei der 

 " Deutschen Seestadte, 1620 1868," in Petermann's Mittheil, 1869, 

 No. 26. 



