IV PREFACE. 



Thanks are due especially to Dr. Liitken and Dr. Morch, 

 of Copenhagen, for revisions of their previously published 

 Catalogues of Arctic Animals, and to Dr. Liitken for new 

 catalogues of several groups of animals living in Greenland 

 and the neighbouring seas. The Editor has received much 

 information about Greenland from Dr. R. Brown, of Camp- 

 ster, some of whose Greenland Memoirs are reprinted in the 

 " Manual." Among others also, who have aided him with 

 information and books, are R. H. Scott, Esq., E. Whymper, 

 Esq., C. E. De Ranee, Esq., 9.nd Count Marschall. Lieut. 

 C. Cooper King, R. M. Art., F.G.S., has materially aided him 

 in his work ; and W. S. Dallas, Esq., F.L.S., has kindly re- 

 vised a few of the lists. Tlie officers of the Royal Geogra- 

 phical and other Societies in London have helped him in 

 their Libraries ; and the Secretaries of the Royal Dublin, the 

 Edinburgh Botanical, and the Glasgow Geological Societies 

 have courteously conveyed permission to reprint papers, 

 and in some cases have presented the memoirs wanted. 



Capt. F. J. Evans, C. B., has also most obligingly aided 

 the Editor. 



In the Index, geographical names have not been made 

 a prominent feature, but natural -history terms, and the 

 names of writers and explorers, have been chosen as the 

 most convenient and useful keys to the many subjects of 

 the "Manual." As time and space were limited, the name 

 or term alone is usually given, and its various relations 

 and associations are indicated by the often numerous 

 references to pages that follow it. 



T.R.J. 

 May 7, 1875. 



