222 HOOKER ON ARCTIC PLANTS. 



Leontodon autumnale. Juncus trifidus, 



Hieracium murorum. J. squarrosus. 



H. alpinum. Anthoxanthum odoratum. 



Gentiana aurea. Nardus stricta. 



Betula alpestris. 



Another anomalous feature in Greenland flora is the presence, 

 on the East- Arctic coast, of some species not found on the West, 

 nor in the Temperate southern end of the peninsula. These are 

 Lychnis dioica (Arctic Europe), Saxlfraga Hirculus (abundant in 

 all extreme Arctic latitudes but West Greenland), Polemonium 

 cceruleum (all Arctic longitudes but West Greenland), Deschamp' 

 sia ccBspitosa (all Arctic longitudes, but also absent in Spitz- 

 bergen). 



For data connected with the Greenland flora, I am mainly 

 indebted to the collections of the various polar voyagers in search 

 of a North-west Passage, especially to Drs. Lyall's and Suther- 

 land's ; to Lange's catalogue in Rink's *' Gronland" ; and to the 

 notices of Vahl, Greville, Sir William Hooker, &c. ; to Suther- 

 land's Appendix to Penny's Voyage, and Durand's to Kane's 

 Voyage. 



There is a curious affinity between Greenland and certain 

 localities in America, which concerns chiefly a few of the Euro- 

 pean plants common to these countries. First, there are in Labra- 

 dor, or on the Rocky Mountains, or White Mountains of New 

 Hampshire, a certain number of European plants found nowhere 

 else in the American continent. They are — 

 Ranunculus acris (Rocky Phyllodoce taxifolia (Labrador 



Mountains). and White Mountains). 



Arabis alpina (Labrador). Gentiana nivalis (Labrador). 



Lychnis alpina (Labrador). Veronica alpina (White Mts.). 



Sibbaldia procumbens (Rocky Bartsia alpina (Labrador). 



Mountains). Salix Arbuscula (White Mts.). 



Potentilla verna (Labrador). Luzula spicata (White Mts.). 



Montia fontana (Labrador). Juncus trifidus (White Mts.). 



Gnaphalium sylvaticum (La- Carex capitata (White Mts.). 



brador). Kobresia scirpina (Rocky Mts.). 



G. supinum (Labrador and Phleum alpinum (White Moun- 



White Mountains). tains and Labrador). 



Cassiopeia hypnoides (Labrador Calamagrostis lanceolata (La- 



and White Mountains). brador). 



There are also three plants, peculiar to Greenland and Labrador, 

 or the White or Rocky Mountains, which have not hitherto been 

 found elsewhere in America. They are — 



Draba aurea (Rocky Mountains). 



Arenaria Groenlandica (White Mountains and Labrador). 



Potentilla tridentata (Labrador). 



V. — On the Arctic Proportions of Species to Genera, 

 Orders, and Classes. 



The observations which have hitherto been made on this sub- 

 ject are almost exclusively based on data collected on areas too 



