290 DE. LINDSAY ON THE LICHEN-FLORA OF GREENLAND. 



additions remain to be made to the Lichen-flora of both countries. 

 That of Greenland cannot be set down at less than 300, and it will 

 probably considerably exceed this. There are few special col- 

 lections of Lichens made in Greenland that do not contain new 

 forms. Thus, Th. Fries, Nylander, and myself have detected 

 novelties in the collections respectively submitted to our examina- 

 tion — a circumstance that shows what might be achieved by the 

 visit of an experienced Lichen-collector even to Greenland. As 

 regards the geographical distribution of Greenland Lichens, it is 

 sufficient here to refer to those — 



1. That are confined to Greenland. 



2. „ „ the Arctic regions. 



3. „ common to Britain. 



4. „ „ the European Alps. 



Those that are confined to Greenland, or that may meanwhile be 

 held as so restricted in their distribution, are the new species or 

 varieties described by Fries, Nylander, or myself.* I have little 

 doubt, however, that the majority at least of these Lichens will 

 sooner or later be found in other countries — Arctic or more 

 southern. 



The purely or generally Arctic species are very few, viz. : — 



Dactylina arctica. Lecidea spilota^ var. polaris. 



JJsnea melaxantha. L. auriculata. 



Pyrenopsis hcematopis. L. armeniaca, var. mclaleuca. 



Alectoria jubata, VVLT. nitidula, L. pallida. 



Peltidea scabrosa. L. insignis, var. geophila. 



Umbilicaria Pennsylvanica, L. scabrosa, var. cinerascens. 



Pannaria lepidiota, var. tristis. L. urceolata, and var. demi- 



P. Hookeri, var. 7iiucrior, nuta, 



Squamaria chrysoleuca, var. L. coronata. 



feracissima. L. cumulata, 



S. melanaspis, var. alphoplaca, L. castanea, 



S. geophila. L. Tornceensis. 



Lecanora tartarea, vars. gra^i- L. subfuscula. 



dinosa and thelephoroides. Arthonia trabinella, 



L. varia, var. leucococca. Verrucaria maura^ var. arac- 

 L. atro-sulphurea. Una. 



L. ferruginea, vars. cinnamo* V, ceuthocarpa, 



mea and hypnophila. 



But some of these Lichens occur in countries or districts south 

 of the Arctic Circle. Thus U. melaxantha occurs in Iceland 

 (according to Th. Fries, Arct., p. 26, and Carroll in Seemann's 

 *' Journal of Botany," vol. v, p. 109). It occurs also very fre- 

 quently in the southern hemisphere ; in Patagonia and its islands, 

 on the Andes, in New Zealand and Tasmania, and on the Antarctic 

 islands. In the Arctic regions it is invariably sterile, while in the 

 Antarctic it is often fertile. P. hcBmatopis I have found in 



* The new species or varieties found by myself in Dr. Brown's collections 

 are described in my " Observations on Greenland Lichens." 



