296 DE. LINDSAY ON THE LICHEN-FLORA OF GREENLAND. 



Edward Parry and Dr. Scoresby. Parry's collection was made, 

 apparently, chiefly on the Spitzljergen islets, viz. : — 



N. Lat. N. Lat. 



Low Island - - 80° 20' Little Table Island - 80° 48' 

 Walden Island - 80° 38' Ross' Islet - - 80° 49' 



as well as in Hecla Cove, \v-hich is, I presume, on the main 

 island. En route he also made collections * at Hammerfest, near 

 the North Cape of Norway, about 71° N. lat. Scoresby's col- 

 lection, again, appears to have been made on the main island, in 

 King's Bay or about Mitre Cape. The determinations of Hooker 

 and Brown were, doubtless, made without microscopical exami- 

 nation ; hence their lists of Spitzbergen Lichens are no exception 

 to the rule, that all determinations founded exclusively on ex- 

 ternal non-microscopical characters include many forms that 

 cannot be identified with modern species. The following illus- 

 trations will show the difficulty connected with synonymy in the 

 catalogues of Hooker and Brown.f 



Gyrophora deusta, Ach., may be either Umbilicaria flocculosa, 



Hffm. ; or U. arctica ; or U. proboscidea, — to which both 



Leighton and Th. Fries refer it, and which is a Greenland 



species. 



G. tessellata, Ach.^ is U. anthracina, Sch., var. reticulata, Scli.^ 



according to Fries. 

 G. hirsuta does not occur in Spitzbergen, according to Th. 

 Fries (p. 53), and is therefore an error in determination. 

 He suggests that the plant may be a form of U. vellea. 

 Cladonia alcicornis is a similar error for similar reasons (Th. 

 Fries, p. 53). Fries suggests that the plant was perhaps CI. 

 macrophylla. 

 Stcreocaulon paschale, Fries suggests, that was perhaps really 



form of S. tomentosum (pp. 27 and 53).J 

 Sphcerophoi'on fragile. He expresses a similar doubt here, 

 suggesting that it may belong to coralloides. I hold such 

 doubts and distinctions, however, to be unnecessarily nice, 

 inasmuch as I see no good ground for separating the dif- 

 ferent forms of SphcErophoron or Stereocaulon under separate 

 species. 

 Parmelia stygia, he suggests (p. 12), may belong rather to his 

 alpicola. I have seen no authentic specimen of his alpicola ; 

 but from the circumstance of his recording its occurrence in 

 Scotland, it appears to me that Nylander is probably correct 

 in considering alpicola a mere form of stygia. 

 Nephroma polaris, Ach. ; without fruit : Hammerfest ; is pro- 

 bably N. arcticum^ L. 

 Alectoria ochroleuca occurs only as var. rigida, and A. jubafa 

 only as var. chalybeiformis (7%. Fries').\ 



* Mentioned in his First, Second, and Third, as well as Fourth Voyages. 



t Compare also " L. Spitsberg.," p. .53, " Species ab auctoribus allataj, 

 " verisimiliter omnino excludendse." 



X S' denudaium, Flk., occurs in Kew Herb,, labelled " Ross' Islet (Parry)." 



§ Usnea melaxantha, labelled " Spitzbergen, Sabine and Scoresb^," occurs 

 in Kew Herb. 



