PROF. NORDENSKIOLD, EXPEDITION TO GREENLAND. 427 



Part IV. (" Geol. Mag.," vol. ix., p. 449, &c.) 



Somewhat farther to the west of Karsok, and about 50 feet 

 higher up, occurs another similar stratum, containing a mass of 

 graphite, so soft that it may be cut with a knife. This spot was 

 not, however, accurately examined. A similar stratum, of graphite 

 imbedded in sand and clay, occurs also at a very great height 

 above the sea at Niakornet ; but time did not admit of our visit- 

 ing it. 



The graphite from Karsok is perfectly compact, without any 

 signs of cleavage. On being heated, some pieces decrepitate 

 violently and yield water. An analysis by Dr. Nordstrom gave : 



Carbon 

 Hydrogen 

 Ash - 



I. 



93-70 

 0-69 

 4-92 



II. 



95-68 

 0-22 

 3-60 



HI. 



95-42 



0-27 



3-60 





99-31 



99-50 



99-29 



Part of the loss was probably 

 oxygen. The ash contained per- 

 oxide of iron, alumina, and 50 per 

 cent, of silica; so that even these 

 analyses indicate that this mineral 

 is much nearer pure graphite, with 

 which it fully agrees in appearance, 

 than the coal that is usually found 

 in these formations. 



In the strata belonging to this 

 division we found plant-remains at 

 the following places : — 



1. Ekkorfat. — The strata here 

 rest upon a red gneiss, which has a 

 tendency to break off in scaly flakes, 

 thus forming rounded hills on the 

 coast. Nearest to the gneiss, at an 

 inconsiderable distance from the 

 shore, a little above the level of the 

 water : 



(1.) (Lowest.) Hard sandstone, 

 unfossiliferous (60 feet). 



(2.) Carbonaceous shale, with 

 sandstone and coal-bands, inter- 

 stratified with thin layers of 

 leaves of Coniferae (30 feet). 



(3.) Hard red and white sand- 

 stone (300 feet). 



(4.) Red sandstone, with bands of 

 shale, and ripple-marked (30 ft.) . 



7. 



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Fig. 9. Succession of 

 Strata at Ekkorfat. 



