BUCHENAU. PLANTS, EAST GREENLAND. 581 



Of these plants some are represented in West Greenland by 

 similar species or varieties : — 



1. Ranunculus glacialis, L., by R. alpinus, L. 



2. Dryas octopetala, L., by Dr. integrifolia, J.Vahl. 



3. Pyrola rotundifolia, L., var. arenaria, Koch., by R. rotundifolia, 



L. var. grandifiora, Radde. 



4. Juncus triglumis, L. var. Copelandi, Buchenau, by J. triglumis, 



L. (typicus.) 



Of the characteristically North-eastern Greenland plants, the 

 following live in Spitzbergen and its islands : — 



1. Ranunculus glacialis, L. 4. Saxifraga Hirculus, L. 



2. Dryas octopetala, L. 5. Polemonium humile, Willd. 



3. Saxifraga hieracifolia,W.K. 



To the west of Greenland, on Melville Island, in the Arctic- 

 American archipelago are : — 



1. Ranunculus auricomus, L. 3. Saxifraga hirculus, L. 



2. Saxifraga hieracifolia, W. 4. Deschampsia brevifolia, 



& K. R. Br. 



All these occur also in Arctic Europe. Ranunculus auncomus^ 

 Sax. hieracifolia,, S. Hirculus, Pol. humile, and Desch. brevifolia, 

 are wide-spread Arctic plants, whose absence in West Greenland 

 is more remarkable than their presence in East Greenland. On 

 the other hand, Ranunc. glacialis is a European^ Alpine, and 

 Scandinavico-Spitzbergen species stretching to North-eastern Green- 

 land, but not over other Arctic regions. Dryas octopetala is re- 

 presented in the Arctic- American archipelago, in West Greenland, 

 and in many other northern stations, by Ih\-integiifolia, wanting 

 in Europe. Should the occurrence of this species in Spitzbergen 

 during the Post-pliocene period (Heer, Flor. foss. arct. IL, 2, p. 91, 

 t. 16, f. 69), be substantiated. Dr. octopetala must be regarded as 

 having migrated from Europe, and Dr. integiifolia as a supplant- 

 ing race. 



The variety arenaria of Pyrola rotundifolia^ distributed in 

 Middle Europe on sand-dunes, in company with littoral plants on 

 the sea-coast and in the Valais (Switzerland), is still the same in 

 the Arctic regions. The new varieties Juncus tiiglumis, var. Cope- 

 landi, B., Draba muricella, var. Panschii,^., and Saxifraga hiera- 

 cifolia, W. & K., have been added to the Arctic-East Greenland 

 Flora by the Second German Expedition. 



