SUM3IARY. 611 



XI. Expedition of Dr. Hayes, 1860-61. 

 Meteorological observations. 



Tidal observations. 

 Magnetic observations. 

 Pendulum observations. 

 Measurement of glaciers. 

 Auroras. 



XII. Observations in Polaris Bay, made by the Expedition 

 under Capt. Hall, from a letter by Dr. Bessels, to the French 

 Geographical Society. 



A small observatory was built in Polaris Bay (lat. 81° 31' N., 

 long. 61° 44' W.) at a height of 34 feet above the level of the sea. 

 The instruments were — 



(1.) A transit instrument. 

 (2.) A pendulum. 

 (3.) A theodolite. 



(4.) A sextant by Gambey, graduated to 10". 

 Meteorological and magnetic observations were also made. 

 The magnetic instruments were — 

 (1.) A unifilar magnetometer. 

 (2.) A dipping needle. 



Several prismatic compasses. 

 A great part of the work was lost when the vessel was wrecked 

 in Baffin's Bay, but some of the meteorological records were saved. 

 They include hourly observations on — 

 Temperature of the air. 



The barometer, anemometer, and hygrometer. 

 Terrestrial and solar radiation. 

 The Aurora and on Ozone. 

 Twenty series of pendulum experiments were made to determine 

 the figure of the earth. Dr. Bessels says that the magnetic obser- 

 vations were more complete than any of those made up to the 

 present time in the Polar regions. 



The declination was 96° 00' W., and the absolute declination 

 [? inclination] 84° 23'. 



Note. — As Dr. Bessels gives this value as a correction to the 

 statement made in America that the inclination is 45°, the word 

 declination in his letter is probably a misprint. Hourly observa- 

 tions for declination were made for five months, and on three days 

 in each month they were made every six minutes. 



Dr. Bessels also says that the observations on magnetic intensity, 

 &c. were lost during the storm in the ice. Although he does not 

 say so, yet there is great fear from the way in which he speaks of 

 them, that the pendulum observations are also lost. His account 

 of the scientific work of the Expedition is not yet published, but 

 he says that the first volume on the physical observations will be 

 ready very shortly. 



XIII. Physical work of the second German Expedition : 

 Meteorology and Hydrography. 



1. Observations and full discussion of the temperature of the 

 Air at Sabine Island and on the East Greenland coast. 



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