Mr. CoLEBROOKE on the Valley of the SutluJ River. 129 



Nisang- and Keipu-ghat. The strata^ according to Lieut. Gerard's observa- 

 tion, run north-west and south-east, and dip to the north-east at an angle of 

 forty or forty-five degrees. The height is from 9000 to 13,500 feet above the 

 sea. The specimens there collected exhibit granite, gneiss, mica-slate, cyanite 

 with quartz and mica, actinolite and quartz with garnet, pyrites in quartz, 

 limestone (blueish-grey with white veins), and calcareous tufa. 



The route led next to a spar bridge over the Sutluj, at Namptu, passing by 

 the way a rivulet named Hocho. Between that rivulet and Namptu-sango, at 

 heights of from 8200 to 11,400 feet above the sea, granite with and without 

 tourmalin, gneiss, mica-slate, drawing-slate, and clay-slate with imbedded 

 specks of sparry iron-ore, were found. The bed of the river is 8220 feet above 

 the sea- It exhibits only two sorts of rock, — mica-slate, and granular quartz 

 with imperfectly crystallized hornblende. 



The progress of their survey conducted the travellers, over rocks of gneiss 

 and granite containing tourmalin and garnet, to Namgia, at the confluence of 

 the Li river and Sutluj. The banks of the rivers at their confluence consist of 

 granite. Further up the Li river, the banks of it present slate, potters'-clay, 

 marl or loam, and sand. Among specimens here collected occur flinty slate and 

 stalactitic carbonate of lime ; gypsum of a yellowish-white colour and fine 

 granular texture, and white granular anhydrite. StiU higher up the same 

 river, in the vicinity of Chango, a place situated on the left bank of the river, 

 where its bed is no less than 9900 feet above the level of the sea, the speci- 

 mens collected exhibit primitive granular limestone, with disseminated py- 

 rites ; also mica-slate, with what appears to be part of a vein of granite. 



Between Namgia and Shipke, a town situated on the Sutluj, where the 

 channel of the river is 9000 feet above the level of the sea, the rocks consist of 

 granite with and without tourmalin and garnets, gneiss, mica-slate, compact 

 quartz, quartz and mica with cyanite, and some steatite. 



This town, or collection of tents, is within the limits of Chinese territory 

 and terminated the survey eastward. The travellers however visited Shipke- 

 ghati, a pass to the westward of north from the town. The height of the pass 

 exceeds 13,500 feet above the sea ; and at the summit specimens were col- 

 lected, among which there occur gneiss with hornblende, cyanite in quartz, 

 and a substance much resembling cinnamon stone in mica-slate, and with fel- 

 spar and mica. 



North of this pass is the Tarhigang mountain, which Lieut. Gerard 

 ascended to the prodigious height of 19,411 feet above the level of the sea. 

 The sumnntof the mountain, concluded to be 22,000 feet high, was less than 

 two miles distant from the station which they reached. Two specimens have 



VOL. VI. s 



