ranging E.S.E. between the Rivers Lune and Wharf e. \\ 



southward^ is about thirty yards : but, in this interval, occurs a series of vertical 

 beds of limestone, and between them and the great calcareous mass on the 

 south is a quantity of argillaceous stone with abundance of calcareous spar in 

 the joints, which at first I supposed to be shale ; but, as in only a few cases, 

 any shale lies between the limestone and the slate, and then only in small 

 quantity, it is probably contorted slate. Its specific gravity when dry is 273 -{- 

 after escape of the included air 275 4- • 



Further down the stream, limestone beds continually succeed one another, 

 with a dip to the south, and the series suddenly terminates at Ingleton, and is 

 soon followed in lower ground by the coal measures at Black Burton. 



The slate is seen crossing the hill between Kingsdale and Chapel le Dale. 



Chapel le Dale. (See Section C, Plate I.) 

 The water of this valley has its sources in the shale and gritstone series 

 above the great scar limestones, which form the floor of Ingleborough and 

 Whernside. Between these two mountains this limestone h exposed in vast 

 bleached and weather-worn surfaces, which terminate in level ranges of pre- 

 cipices on each side of Chapel le Dale. This character of the valley prevails 

 till within a mile of the village of Ingleton, when slate rocks appear beneath 

 the limestone. 



The vertical cleavage planes of these rocks range pretty exactly S.E., and 

 are crossed by frequent nearly vertical joints ranging N. and S., and by ob- 

 lique joints dipping N.E. The stone is mostly of a fine green colour within, 

 though often purple on the surfaces ; but a hard, granular, not fissile variety, 

 called "galliard," sometimes intervenes in elongated nodules and bands parallel 

 to the planes of cleavage. There is in some places a more frequent alterna- 

 tion of the finer and coarser varieties ; and certain planes of cleavage are 

 covered by cubical crystals of iron pyrites imbedded on some of the square 

 sides in a parallel coating of some fibrous zeolitic mineral, which occasionally 

 softens by exposure into nacreous laminae. In some layers of slate very minute 

 polyhedral crystals of pyrites are disseminated, and sometimes this mineral is 

 found beautifully arborescent between two adjacent planes of slate. It seldom 

 crosses the laminae of slate as calcareous spar and quartz are seen to do. The 

 latter mineral is most abundant in the '"galliard." These appearances are most 

 conveniently seen in the slate quarries, which are worked on both sides of the 

 stream. 



Below these quarries, gravel obscures the stratification on the west side for 

 about one hundred yards, beyond which the southern range of limestone is 

 seen at the edge of the water, and rises confusedly northward into the hill 



c2 



