ranging E.S.E. between the Rivers Lune and Wharf e. 7 



Almost immediately beyond this place, the slate is succeeded by the red 

 conglomerate, whose large horizontal beds filled with large and small pebbles 

 alternate with layers of red and white clay. Henceforward the old red rock, 

 continuing its course down the Lune, appears to underlie the limestone in 

 Casterton woods, as well as at Kirby Lonsdale. At this latter place, exami- 

 nation develops some curious facts. 



The pebbles of various size which are here accumulated in immense abun- 

 dance, and cemented in vast irregular beds by red clay, red sand, and calca- 

 reous spar, are chiefly slate and quartz : but 1 found in addition single speci- 

 mens of both blue and red (transition ?) limestone containing a few crinoidal 

 and coralline fragments, hornstone, and calcareous spar, all rounded. 



The pebbles are but feebly cemented in the red clay and sand, and may be 

 easily separated by a blow of the hammer, leaving a smooth concave impres- 

 sion ; but where calcareous spar, as about Kirby Lonsdale and Barbon, fills up 

 the cavities, the mass is more coherent. 



The slate pebbles are mostly of the granular micaceous variety which 

 abounds in the neighbouring hills, but some specimens may be thouo-ht to 

 have been transported from the range of the middle slate. Micaceous iron 

 ore has been found in the quartz. No granite, sienite, porphyry, or green- 

 stone, — rocks which occur in considerable plenty in the central parts of the 

 Lake district, — have yet been observed in this conglomerate ; so that it appears 

 to be a deposit caused by a very limited current, which was perhaps confined 

 to what is now the track of the Lune. 



This will appear the more probable on viewing the great number of boulder- 

 stones which are found in the diluvial banks of the Lune; for, among these 

 accumulations of a wide-spreading flood, are the granite of Sliap Fells, the 

 porphyry of High Borrovvbridge, and various hornstones, with limestone, grit- 

 stones, and slate from the neighbouring hills. 



The joints which cross the beds of this rock, as may be seen in the Red Scar 

 near Kirby Lonsdale, are scarcely more regular, nor are the few dislocations 

 in it much more distinct, than those in pebbly diluvium. But the beds are 

 crossed by veins of calcareous spar, and these often pass through the pebbles 

 in the same way as the fissures split the fragments in the conglomerate at 

 Oban (Argyleshire). 



These beds dip to the south at a moderate angle, and are succeeded, but 

 without the actual contact being visible, by the limestone strata, which also dip 

 to the south at a much g-reater an"le. 



The lower portion of limestone is exposed in the channel and on both sides 

 of the stream, for about three hundred yards, at a dip of about 1 in 4 to the 



