I. — Oil a Group of Slale Rocks rcnigino- E.S.E. hehveeu the rivers 

 JLune and Wharfe,from near Kirhy Lonsdale to near Malham ; and 

 on the attendant Phcenomena. 



By JOHN PHILLIPS, F.G.S. 



HON. MEM. OF THE YORKSHIRE, LEEDS, AND HULL PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETIES. 



[Read December 21st, 1827; and January 4th, 1828.] 



General Remarks. 



1 HOUGH the secondary rocks which t'oriu a crescent around the Cumbrian 

 Lake district are in general arranged with much regularity, geologists are 

 aware that in consequence of dislocations of some strata and unconformed 

 positions of others, the beds do not always appear at the surface in the order 

 of their consecutive deposition. 



The great fault under Cross Fell, investigated by Dr. Buckland, and tiie 

 double ranjje of limestone scars which stretch to the west and north from 

 under Wild Boar Fell, would have been much less difficult of explanation but 

 for the unconformed deposit of red iTiarl and sandstone in the vale of Eden, 

 upon the depressed range of limestone. 



In some parts around the Lake mountains, the obscuration of certain se- 

 condary rocks may be ascribed wholly to the over-extension of new red sand- 

 stone ; as from Egremont to Low Furness, where this rock is brought into 

 contact with granite and slate, to the exclusion of coal-measures, limestone, 

 and old red sandstone; — and sometimes, without any considerable deposit of 

 unconformed rocks, great interruptions in the lines of strata are caused by 

 sudden variations of dip, or remarkable dislocations. 



A full account of the variations which are produced by the causes above- 

 mentioned, on the direction and appearance of the secondary rocks round the 

 Lake district, would be highly serviceable to the cause of inductive geology. 



The observations in the present communication are restricted as much as 

 possible to the illustration of the phaenomena connected w ith a group of rocks, 

 aberrant from the slate district of Westmoreland, and extending in a singular 

 manner about fifteen miles towards the east, under the limestone and gritstone 

 summits of Gragreth, Ingleborough, and Penygent. The tract in question, 



VOL. III. SECOND SERIES. B 



