Boghelcund, and the Districts of Saugor and Jubulpore. 195 



in the bed of the Barama river, about one mile north-east of Tendukaira, and 

 all along- the foot of the hills in that direction. 



Its associate, the earthy limestone, here becomes a friable rock ; but its 

 property of effervescing with acid is not destroyed, except in a few instances, 

 where it becomes highly indurated; and in such cases I presume it contains 

 felspar. It fuses readily with a moderate heat, and operates as a flux when 

 mixed with clay : it contains likewise fragments of sandstone, which are more 

 or less changed by its contact. 



After descending the hills, and advancing- about three miles into the valley 

 of the Nermada river, a new field opens. The older rocks are laid bare ; but, 

 instead of exhibiting horizontal stratification, they are highly inclined, some- 

 times perpendicular, and altogether unconformable to those which I had pre- 

 viously passed. I shall not here mention the iron mines of Tendukaira, 

 because a satisfactory account of them would swell this paper too much ; but 

 I will observe one circumstance. The conical hill about one mile and a half 

 westward of Tendukaira, is composed of trap, and its summit was once 

 crowned with a cluster of basaltic columns ; but some powerful operation of 

 nature has dislocated them. 



From Tendukaira I made a detour to Garha Kota, and my route thither 

 enabled me to lay down the eastern boundary of the trap formation. A refe- 

 rence to the map* will explain the result of this part of my route. I found the 

 trap always in intimate association with earthy limestone, and the whole series 

 reposing on red marl or sandstone. 



From Garha Kota I returned to Great Deori, and proceeded across the 

 Bandain hills to Jubulpore. 



After quitting- Deori, trap prevailed for about three miles, and then com- 

 menced the sandstone of the Bandain hills, which continued uninterruptedly 

 until I descended the escarpment of these hills, and ag-ain entered the valley 

 of the Normada river. 



The sandstone of the Bandain Hills is mottled red and white ; its stratifica- 

 tion is horizontal, as far as the eye can judge: and it appears to be corre- 

 spondent with the hunter sandstein of Werner, and consequently with the 

 new red sandstone of England. The same hills are composed of sandstone 

 opposite to Nagound, Lohargaon, Tigra, and Gurreah or Ghysabad ; and 

 there can be no doubt that the whole is a mass of sandstone. 



After proceeding about three miles into the valley, I came upon the ridg-e 

 of the Kymur rang-e of hills, which in this part is composed of quartz rock 

 varying to siliceous grit, and its strata are nearly ])erpendicular; but to the 



* Plate XXV. 



2c 2 



