Eeviews — Mortillet's History of Man. 27 



Sandy, he regards as derived from the denudation of older deposits ; 

 because they are much water-worn, and often bored by Mollusca. 



Bryozoa and Serpulce occur attached to the surface of several of the 

 phosphatic nodules at Upware. 



le^ZE'V^IEAATS- 



I. — Mortillet's ''Materials for the History of Man." 3rd 

 Vol. Nos. 1-8 (in Five Nos.) [Materiaux pour l'histoire posi- 

 tive ET Philosophique de l'Homme : Bulletin mensuel, etc., 

 par Gabriel de Mortillet. Troisieme Annee, 1867. 8vo. Paris.] 



rilHIS useful monthly compendium of facts and notions, either 

 _L published day by day, or communicated to the Editor, about 

 Anthropology, Prehistoric Times, the Quaternary Epoch, the Origin 

 of Species, and Spontaneous Generation, has now reached its third 

 year, and steadily fulfils its mission in aiding the advance of a scien- 

 tific knowledge of the history of early Man, and of collateral natural- 

 history subjects bearing on the character of races and states of 

 culture. The last two parts of this useful work M. Mortillet has 

 j udiciously devoted to a succinct account of everything contributed to 

 the Universal Exhibition at Paris that at all bears on primaeval Man 

 and his habits and character. Every quarter of the globe contributed 

 something, though not always arranged in the special galleries illus- 

 trative of the History of Labour and Art. Every noticeable object, 

 liowever, is classified by the Editor in these his ''Promenades Pre- 

 historiques a I'Exposition Universelle ;" and, as far as possible, they 

 are grouped under such subdivisions as " Caverns," " Quaternary 

 Deposits," " Stone Epoch," " Ground and Polished Stone Imple- 

 ments," "Bronze Age," " Iron Age," etc. After viewing all these 

 very interesting objects, never to be again assembled under one roof, 

 M. Mortillet draws the following conclusions (pages 366, etc.). 



It is impossible, he says, after having visited the Galleries of 

 the History of Labour, supplied by Wurtemberg, Hungary, Switzer- 

 land, Spain, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Kussia, Italy, England, 

 and especially France, to have any doubt of the existence of a great 

 Law of Progress in Human Nature. We see Industry begin with 

 instruments of Stone, mere flakes, so primitive and rudimentary 

 that they are inferior even to such as are used by the least advanced 

 of existing savages. Little by little the stone is better worked, and 

 its use becomes more varied ; and there are numerous implements of 

 bone and deer's horn. Then comes the art of grinding stone ; mark- 

 ing an era of progress, and characterizing one of the great divisions 

 of Pre-historic Time, — namely, the Era of Polished Stone. Still 

 later it was that Metal appeared; at first Bronze alone and after- 

 wards Iron. Stone chipped and flaked. Polished Stone, Bronze, and 

 Iron, are so many successive characteristics of Human Progress 

 before reaching our present civilization. Not only was it possible 

 in the Exposition to follow step by step this onward inarch of pro- 



